Abstract
The effect of plant population and harvest timing on potato yield and chipping quality was studied at two Iowa locations during 1986, 1987, and 1988. Evaluations were conducted in eastern Iowa near Muscatine and in western Iowa at Whiting. The cultivars Atlantic and Norchip were planted at in-row spacings of 15, 31, and 46 cm and were harvested approximately 12, 14, and 16 weeks after planting. Delaying harvest until 14 or 16 weeks after planting resulted in greater yields and better specific gravities for both cultivars. At Muscatine, chip color was not significantly affected by harvest date, but at Whiting, each successive harvest produced lighter-colored chips. Greater seed piece populations increased both Atlantic arid Norchip yields. Greater planting populations also caused a small increase in specific gravity. Seed spacing did not significantly affect chip color. In comparison with Norchip, Atlantic produced tubers with higher specific gravities throughout the season and greater total yields on the final harvest date. Atlantic did, however, show susceptibility to hollow heart. The incidence of hollow heart was reduced by close seed spacing.
Compendio
Durante 1986, 1987 y 1988 se estudió en dos localidades de Iowa el efecto de la población de plantas y del momento de la cosecha sobre el rendimiento y la calidad de fritura a la inglesa de la papa. Se condujeron evaluaciones cerca de Muscatine, al este de Iowa, y en Whiting, al oeste del mismo estado. Los cultivares Atlantic y Norchip fueron sembrados a distanciamientos de 15, 31 y 46 cm entre plantas y fueron cosechados aproximadamente a las 12, 14 y 16 semanas después de la siembra. Atrasando la cosecha hasta las 14 o 16 semanas después de la siembra dio como resultado rendimientos más altos y mejores densidades específicas para ambos cultivares. En Muscatine, el color de la papa frita a la inglesa no fue afectada de manera significativa por la fecha de cosecha, pero en Whiting, cada cosecha sucesiva produjo papas fritas de color más claro. Las poblaciones de semilla más grande incrementaron los rendimientos tanto de Atlantic como de Norchip. Las poblaciones más densas produjeron también un pequeño incremento de la gravedad específica. El distanciamiento de la semilla no afectó significativamente el color de las papas fritas a la inglesa. En comparición con Norchip, Atlantic produjo tubérculos con gravedades especificas más altas durante toda la temporada y mayores rendimientos totales en la última fecha de cosecha. Sin embargo, Atlantic mostró susceptibilidad al corazón vacío. La incidencia del corazón vacío se redujo con un menor distanciamiento.
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Journal Paper No. J-13855 of the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa. Project No. 2551.
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DeBuchananne, D.A., Lawson, V.F. Effect of plant population and harvest timing on yield and chipping quality of Atlantic and Norchip potatoes at two Iowa locations. American Potato Journal 68, 287–297 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02853667
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02853667