Skip to main content
Log in

Creep fracture maps for 316 stainless steel

  • Mechanical Behavior
  • Published:
Metallurgical Transactions A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Creep fracture processes may be plotted in the form of a map by using the equations for the times to fracture for each process. A new and simplified form of creep fracture map is introduced in which the logarithmic normalized stress is plotted against the reciprocal of the homologous temperature. In this form, both the field boundaries between the different fracture processes and the contours of constant time to fracture appear as straight lines. Maps are presented for 315 stainless steel using four different creep processes: transgranular creep fracture, triple point cracking, and intergranular cavitation controlled by either diffusion growth or power-law growth. It is demonstrated that a map constructed for 316 stainless steel having a grain size of 40 μm is in good agreement with published experimental fracture data.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. M. F. Ashby:Acta Met., 1972, vol. 20, pp. 887–97.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. T. G. Langdon and F. A. Mohamed:Mater. Sci. Eng., 1978, vol. 32, pp. 103–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. T. G. Langdon and F. A. Mohamed:J. Mater. Sci., 1978, vol. 13, pp. 1282–90.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. P. J. Wray:J. Appl. Phys., 1969, vol. 40, pp. 4018–29.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. M. F. Ashby and R. Raj:The Mechanics and Physics of Franture, pp. 148–58, The Metals Society, London, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  6. M. F. Ashby: Report No. CUED/C/MATS/TR. 34, Cambridge University Engineering Department, Cambridge, England, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  7. M. F. Ashby:Fracture 1977-Advances in Research on the Strength and Fracture of Materials, D.M.R. Taplin, ed., vol. 1, pp. 1–14, Pergamon Press, New York, 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  8. A. N. Orlov and V. L. Indenbom:Proc. 4th Intl. Conf. on the Strength of Metals and Alloys, vol. 1, pp. 26–52, Laboratoire de Physique du Solide, ENSMIM, Nancy, France, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  9. T. Watanabe:Proc. 23rd Internal Symposium on the Strength and Fracture of Materials, pp. 1–16, The Society of Materials Science, Tokyo, Japan, 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  10. D.M.R. Taplin and A.L.W. Collins:Ann. Rev. Mater. Sci., 1978, vol. 8, pp. 235–68.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. D.M.R. Taplin, D. Sidey, and C. Gandhi:Trans. Indian Inst. Metals, 1978, vol. 31, pp. 163–68.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. M. L. Grossbeck, J. O. Stiegler, and J. J. Holmes:Radiation Effects in Breeder Reactor Structural Materials, M. L. Bleiberg and J. W. Bennett, eds., pp. 95–116, AIME, New York, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  13. D.M.R. Taplin, A.L.W. Collins, C. Gandhi, and M. F. Ashby:Fracture Mechanics and Technology, G. C. Sih and C. L. Chow, eds., vol. 1, pp. 127–44, Sijthoff & Noordhoff, Alphen aan den Rijn, The Netherlands, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  14. C. Gandhi, D. M. R. Taplin, and M. F. Ashby:Fracture 1977-Advances in Research on the Strength and Fracture of Materials, D. M. R. Taplin, ed., vol. 2A, pp. 603–11, Pergamon Press, New York, 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  15. A.L.W. Collins and D.M.R. Taplin:J. Mater. Sci, 1978, vol. 13, pp. 2249–56.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. M.F. Ashby, C. Gandhi, and D. M. R. Taplin:Acta Met., 1979, vol. 27, pp. 699–729.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. C. Gandhi and M. F. Ashby:Scr. Met., 1979, vol. 13, pp. 371–76.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. K. E. Puttick:Phil. Mag., 1959, vol. 4, pp. 964–69.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. F. A. McClintock:J. Appl. Mech., 1968, vol. 35, pp. 363–71.

    Google Scholar 

  20. A.S. Argon, J. Im, and R. Safoglu:Met. Trans. A, 1975, vol. 6A, pp. 825–37.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. J.A. Williams:Acta Met., 1967, vol. 15, pp. 1119–24.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. J. A. Williams:Acta Met., 1967, vol. 15, pp. 1559–62.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. U. Lindborg:Acta Met., 1969, vol. 17, pp. 157–65.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. R. Söderberg:J. Mater. Sci., 1972, vol. 7, pp. 1373–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. T. G. Langdon:Phil. Mag., 1970, vol. 22, pp. 945–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. A. H. Cottrell:Trans. TMS-AIME, 1958, vol. 212, pp. 192–203.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. J. A. Williams:Phil. Mag., 1967, vol. 15, pp. 1289–91.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. J. E. Harris:Trans. TMS-AIME, 1965, vol. 233, pp. 1509–16.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. R. G. Fleck, D.M.R. Taplin, and C. J. Beevers:Acta Met., 1975, vol. 23, pp. 415–24.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. G. W. Greenwood:Proc. Third Intl. Conf. on the Strength of Metals and Alloys, vol. 2, pp. 91–105, The Institute of Metals and The Iron and Steel Institute, London, 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  31. D. Hull and D. E. Rimmer:Phil. Mag., 1959, vol. 4, pp. 673–87.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. M. V. Speight and J. E. Harris:Met. Sci. J., 1967, vol. 1, pp. 83–85.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. M. V. Speight and W. Beeré:Met. Sci., 1975, vol. 9, pp. 190–91.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. R. Raj and M. F. Ashby:Acta Met., 1975, vol. 23, pp. 653–66.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. R. Raj, H. M. Shih, and H. H. Johnson:Scr. Met., 1977, vol. 11, pp. 839–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. F. C. Monkman and N. J. Grant:Proc. ASTM, 1956, vol. 56, pp. 593–605.

    Google Scholar 

  37. N. G. Needham, J. E. Wheatley, and G. W. Greenwood:Acta Met., 1975, vol. 23, pp. 23–27.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. J. W. Hancock:Met. Sci., 1976, vol. 10, pp. 319–25.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. W. D. Nix, D. K. Matlock, and R. J. DiMelfi:Acta Met., 1977, vol. 25, pp. 495–503.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. W. Pavinich and R. Raj:Met. Trans. A, 1977, vol. 8A, pp. 1917–33.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. R. Raj:Acta Met., 1978, vol. 26, pp. 341–49.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. P. J. Wray:Met. Trans. A, 1975, vol. 6A, pp. 1379–91.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. A. Nadai and M. J. Manjoine:J. Appl. Mech., 1941, vol. 63, pp. A77–91.

    Google Scholar 

  44. S. L. Robinson and O. D. Sherby:Acta Met., 1969, vol. 17, pp. 109–25.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. M. F. Ashby and H. J. Frost, Constitutive Equations in Plasticity, A. S. Argon, ed., pp. 117–47, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  46. H. J. Frost and M. F. Ashby:Fundamental Aspects of Structural Alloy Design, R. I. Jaffee and B. A. Wilcox, eds., pp. 27–58, Plenum Press, New York, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  47. W. Assassa and P. Guiraldenq:Met. Sci., 1978, vol. 12, pp. 123–28.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. H. E. Evans:Phil. Mag., 1971, vol. 23, pp. 1101–12.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. A. Gittins and C. M. Sellars:Met. Sci. J., 1972, vol. 6, pp. 118–22.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. R. S. Gates and C.A.P. Horton:Mater. Sci. Eng., 1977, vol. 27, pp. 105–14.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. F. Garofalo, R. W. Whitmore, W. F. Domis, and F. von Gemmingen:Trans. TMS-AIME, 1961, vol. 221, pp. 310–19.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. T. M. Williams, D. R. Harries, and J. Funival:J. Iron Steel Inst., 1972, vol. 210, pp. 351–58.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. W. E. White, I. Le May, and B. J. Bassett:Elevated Temperature Properties of Austenitic Stainless Steels, A. O. Schaefer, ed., pp. 1–17, ASME, New York, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  54. D. G. Morris and D. R. Harries:J. Mater. Sci., 1977, vol. 12, pp. 1587–97.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. D. G. Morris:Met. Sci., 1978, vol. 12, pp. 19–29.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. B. Weiss and R. Stickler:Met. Trans., 1972, vol. 3, pp. 851–66.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

DAVID A. MILLER, formerly Research Associate, Department of Materials Science, University of Southern California

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Miller, D.A., Langdon, T.G. Creep fracture maps for 316 stainless steel. Metall Trans A 10, 1635–1641 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02811696

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02811696

Keywords

Navigation