Abstract
Tissue cultures were established from cotyledon and cotyledonarynode segments ofArachis hypogaea L. on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of auxins (IAA, NAA, IBA, and 2, 4-D) and cytokinins (KIN and BAP). For callus initiation, high concentration of auxins and low concentration of cytokinins were used, whereas high concentration of cytokinins and low concentration of auxins were used for shoot-bud differentiation. Callus induction and shoot-bud regeneration frequency, however, varied with genotype, expiant, and the different plant-growth regulators combination in the medium. The shoot-bud multiplication was also influenced by genotype, explant type, and growth regulators. The combination of BAP and NAA produced more shoots than other combinations. The maximum number of shoots was obtained from cotyledonary-node segments on a medium containing BAP (5.0 mg/L) and IBA (1.0 mg/L). Rooting of regenerated shoots was achieved on a medium augmented with NAA or IBA (2.0 mg/L) in combination with KIN (0.5 mg/L). Rooted plantlets were successfully established in the soil, where 95% of them survived.
Tissue-culture studies of these expiants suggests the shoots to be ofde nova origin, which would make the system suitable for gene-transfer technology.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- MS:
-
Murashige and Skoog (1962) medium
- B5 vitamins:
-
Gamborg et al. (1968)
- NAA:
-
α-naphthaleneacetic acid
- IAA:
-
indole-3-acetic acid
- 2,4-D:
-
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
- IBA:
-
indole-3-butyric acid
- BAP:
-
6-benzylaminopurine
- KIN:
-
kinetin.
References
Hazra, R. B., Sathaye, S. S., and Mascarenhas, A. F. (1989),Biotechnology 7, 949–951.
Horsch, R. B., Fry, J. E., Hoffman, N. L., Eichholtz, D., Rogers, S. G., and Fraley, R. T. (1985),Science 227, 1229–1231.
Cheng, M., Hsi, D. C. H., and Phillips, G. C. (1992),Peanut Sci. 19, 82–87.
Kartha, K. K., Pahl, K., Leung, N. L., and Mroginski, L. A. (1981),Can. J. Bot. 59, 1671–1679.
Venkatachalam, P., Pillai, A. S., and Jayabalan, N. (1994),Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 64, 99–103.
Mroginski, L. A., Kartha, K. K., and Shyluk, J. P. (1981),Can. J. Bot. 59, 826–830.
Pittman, R. N., Banks, D. J., Kirby, J. S., Mitchell, E. D., and Richardon, P. E. (1983),Peanut Sci. 10, 21–25.
Dunbar, K. B. and Pittman, R. N. (1992),Crop Sci. 32, 1353–1356.
Eapen, S. and George, L. (1993),Plant Cell Tiss Org. Cul. 35, 223–227.
Bajaj, Y. P. S., Kumar, P., Labana, K. S., and Singh, M. M. (1981),Indian J. Exp. Biol. 19, 1026–1029.
Narasimhulu, S. B. and Reddy, G. M. (1983),Plant Sci. Lett. 31, 147–153.
Atreya, C. P., Papa Rao, J., and Subramanyam, N.C. (1984),Plant Sci. Lett. 34, 379–383.
McKently, A. H., Moore, G. A., and Gardner, F. P. (1990),Crop Sci. 30, 192–196.
Daimon, H. and Mii, M. (1991),Japan J. Breed. 41, 361–366.
Murashige, T. and Skoog, F. (1962),Physiol. Plant. 15, 473–497.
Gamborg, O. L., Miller, R. A., and Ojima, K. (1968),Exp. Cell Res. 50, 151–158.
Gulati, A. and Jaiwal, P. K. (1994),Plant Cell Rep. 13, 523–527.
Gulati, A. and Jaiwal, P. K. (1990),Plant Cell Tiss. Org. Cul. 23, 1–7.
Ganapathi, T. R. and Nataraja, K. (1993),Biol. Plant. 35, 209–215.
Shiva Prakash, N., Pental, D., and Bhalla-Savin, N. (1994),Plant Cell Rep. 13, 623–627.
Lazzeri, P. A. and Dunwell, J. M. (1986),Ann. Bot. 58, 689–697.
George, L., Bapat, V. A., and Rao, P. S. (1987),Ann. Bot. 60, 17–21.
Reddy, K. R. K. and Bahadur, B. (1989),Curr. Sci. 58, 152–154.
Shankar, S. and Mohan Ram, H.Y. (1990),Curr. Sci. 59, 39–43.
Ono, Y., Takahata, Y., and Kaizuma, N. (1994),Plant Cell Rep. 14, 13–17.
Sharma, K. K., Bhojwani, S. S., and Thorpe, T. A. (1990),Plant Sci. 66, 247–253.
Moss, J. P., Dutt, N. R. G., and Lingamaneeni, A. (1988),Inter. Arachis News Lett. 4, 25–26.
Eapen, S. and George, L. (1994),Plant Cell Rep. 13, 582–586.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Venkatachalam, P., Jayabalan, N. Effect of auxins and cytokinins on efficient plant regeneration and multiple-shoot formation from cotyledons and cotyledonary-node expiants of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) by in vitro culture technology. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 67, 237–247 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02788801
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02788801