Abstract
A two-step response surface methodology (RSM) study was conducted for the optimization of keratinase production and enzyme activity from poultry feather byStreptomyces sp7. Initially different combinations of salts were screened for maximal production of keratinase at a constant pH of 6.5 and feather meal concentration of 5 g/L. A combination of K2HPO4, KH2PO4, and NaCl gave a maximum yield of keratinase (70.9 U/mL) production. In the first step of the RSM study, the selected five variables (feather meal, K2HPO4, KH2PO4, NaCl, and pH) were optimized by a 25 full-factorial rotatable central composite design (CCD) that resulted in 95 U/mL of keratinase production. The results of analysis of variance and regression of a second-order model showed that the linear effects of feather meal concentration (p<0.005) and NaCl (p<0.029) and the interactive effects of all variables were more significant and that values of the quadratic effects of feather meal (p<1.72e-5), K2HPO4 (p<4.731e-6), KH2PO4 (p<1.01e-10), and pH (p 7.63e-7) were more significant than the linear and interactive effects of the process variables. In the second step, a 23 rotatable full-factorial CCD and response surface analysis were used for the selection of optimal process parameters (pH, temperature, and rpm) for keratinase enzyme activity. These optima were pH 11.0, 45°C, and 300 rpm.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bertsch, A. and Coello, N. (2005),Bioresour. Technol. 96, 1703–1708.
Gousterova, A., Braikova, D., Goshev, I., Christov, P., Tishinov, K., and Vasileva-Tonkova, E. (2005),Lett. Appl. Microbiol.,40, 335–340.
Suntornsuk, W. and Suntornsuk, L. (2003),Bioresour. Technol. 86, 239–243.
Friedrich, J., Gradisar, H., Mandin, D., and Chaumont, J. P. (1999),Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 28, 127–130.
Wawrzkiewicz, K., Wolski, T., and Lobarzewski, J. (1991),Mycopathologia 114, 1–8.
Bressollier, P., Letourneau, F., Urdaci, M., and Verneuil, B. (1999),Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65, 2570–2576.
Bockle, B., Galunsky, B., and Muller, R. (1995),Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61, 3705–3710.
Chitte, R. R., Nalawade, V. K., and Dey, S. (1999),Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 28, 131–136.
Sangali, S. and Brandelli, A. (2000),J. Appl. Microbiol. 89, 735–743.
Thys, R. C. S., Lucas, F. S., Riffel, A., Heeb, P., and Brandelli, A. (2004),Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 39, 181–186.
Lin, X., Lee, C. G., Casale, E. S., and Shih, J. C. H. (1992),Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 58, 3271–3275.
Haaland, P. D. (1989),Experimental Design in Biotechnology, Marcel Dekker, New York.
Box, G. E. P., Hunter, W. G., and Hunter, J. S. (1978), inStatistics for Experimenters, Wiley, New York, pp. 291–334.
Akhnazarova, S. and Kafarov, V. (1982),Experiment Optimization in Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Mir Publishers, Moscow.
Cochran, W. G. and Cox, G. M. (1957), inExperimental Designs, 2nd ed., Wiley, New York, pp. 346–354.
Box, G. E. P. and Wilson, K. B. (1951),J. R. Stat. Soc. (Ser. B) 13, 1–45.
Qasim, K. B., Vikram, S., and Rani, G. (2003),Process Biochem. 39, 203–209.
Senthilkumar, S. R., Ashokkumar, B., Chandra Raj, K., and Gunasekaran, P. (2005),Bioresour. Technol. 96, 1380–1386.
Himabindu, M., Ravichandra, P., Vishalakshi K., and Annapurna, J. (2006),Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol.,134(2), 143–154.
Adinarayana, K. and Suren, S. (2005),Biochem. Eng. J. 27, 179–190.
Hsuan-Liang, L., YannWen, L., and Yang-Chu, C. (2004),Process Biochem. 39, 1953–1961.
Letourneau, F., Soussotte, V., Bressoullier, P., Branland, P., and Verneuil, B. (1998),Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 26, 77–80.
Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L., and Randall, R. J. (1951),J. Biochem. 193, 265–275.
Ramnani, P. and Gupta, R. (2004),Biotechnol. Appl. Biochem. 40, 191–196.
Myers, R. H. and Montgomery, D. C. (1995),Response Surface Methodology: Process and Product Optimization Using Designed Experiments, 1st ed., Wiley Interscience, New York.
Khuri, A. I. and Cornell, J. A. (1987),Response Surfaces: Design and Analysis, Marcel Dekker, New York.
Bernal, C., Vidal, L., Valdivieso, E., and Coello, N. (2003),World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 19, 255–261.
Friedrich, A. B. and Antranikian, G. (1996),Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62, 2875–2882.
Riessen, S. and Antranikian, G. (2001),Extremophiles 5, 399–408.
Suntornsuk, W., Tongjun, J., Oyama, H., Onnim, P., Ratanakanokchai, K., Kusamran, T., and Kohei O. (2005),World J. Microb. Biot. 21, 1111–1117.
Mohamedin, A. H. (1999),Int. Biodeter. Biodegr. 43, 13–21.
Riffel, A., Lucas, F., Heeb, P., and Brandelli, A. (2003),Arch. Microbiol. 179, 258–265.
Gessesse, A., Kaul, R. H., Berhanu, A., and Gashe, B. M. (2003),Enzyme Microb. Technol. 32, 519–524.
Wang, J. J., Greenhut, W. B., and Shih, J. C. H. (2005),World. J. Microb. Biot. 16, 253–255.
Cheng, S. W., Hu, H. M., Shen, S. W., Takagi, H., Asono, M., and Tsai, Y. C. (1995),Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 59, 2239–2243.
Lee, H., Suh, D. B., Hwang, J. H., and Suh, H. J. (2002),Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 97, 123–133.
Towatana, N. H., Painupong, A., and Suntinanalert, P. (1999),J. Biosci. Bioeng. 87, 581–587.
Manachini, P. L., Fortina, M. G., and Parini, C. (1988),Appl. Microbiol. Biot. 28, 409–413.
Pissuwan, D. and Suntornsuk, W. (2001),Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 35, 171–178.
Takami, H., Nakamura, S., Aono, R., and Horikoshi, K. (1992),Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 56, 1667–1669.
Takami, H., Nogi, Y., and Horikoshi, K. (1999),Extremophiles 3, 293–296.
Anbua, P., Gopinatha, S. C. B., Hilda, A., Lakshmi Priya, T., and Annadurai, G. (2005),Enzyme. Microb. Technol. 36, 639–647.
Gradisar, H., Kern, S., and Friedrich, J. (2000),Appl. Microbiol. Biot. 53, 196–200.
Szabo, I., Benedek, A., Szabo, M. I., and Baradas, G. (2000),World J. Microb. Biot. 16, 253–255.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tatineni, R., Doddapaneni, K.K., Potumarthi, R.C. et al. Optimization of keratinase production and enzyme activity using response surface methodology with streptomyces sp7. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 141, 187–201 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02729061
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02729061