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On the detection and measurement of cosmic-ray electrons

О детектировании и иэмерении злектронов в космических лучах

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Il Nuovo Cimento B (1965-1970)

Summary

The flux and the east-west asymmetry of the primary cosmic-ray electrons have been investigated at a geomagnetic cut-off rigidity of 5.36 GV, during the period November 1963–September 1965. Four successful balloon flights of a small multiplate spark chamber containing 5 radiation lengths of lead have been carried out. A value for the integral flux of primary electronsF(≥5.4 GeV)=(5.3±0.5) m−2 s−1 sr−1, and an east-west asymmetry coefficient for observations at 38° to the verticalA=2(F WF E)/(F W+F E)=−(0.41±0.21) have been obtained. It is shown that this asymmetry coefficient indicates that the major fraction of the primary electrons, in the energy region 4.6 GeV≤E≤6.5 GeV, is negative in charge. In this energy interval the differential flux of the negative excess is (1.2±0.6) · 10−3 m−2 s−1 sr−1 MeV−1, assuming the calculated values for the geomagnetic cut-off.

Riassunto

Si sono studiati il flusso e l’asimmetria est-ovest degli elettroni presenti nella relazione cosmica primaria, per una rigidità geomagnetica di taglio di 5.36 GV, nel periodo Novembre 1963-Settembre 1965. Quattro voli in pallone di una piccola camera a scintilla a più setti, per un totale di 5 lunghezze di radiazione in piombo, sono stati compiuti ottenendoF(≥5.4 GeV)=(5.3±0.5) m−2 s−1 sr−1 per il valore dal flusso integrale di elettroni primari, eA=2(F wF E)/(F w+F E)=−(0.41±0.21) per il coefficiente di asimmetria est-ovest per osservazioni a 38o della verticale. Si mostra che questo coefficiente di asimmetria indica che la frazione dominante degli elettroni primari presenta carica negativa, nella regione di energia 4.6 GeV≤E≤6.5 GeV. In questo intervallo di energia il flusso differenziale dell’eccesso negativo risulta (1.2±0.6) · 10−3 m−2 s−1 sr−1 MeV−1, adottando per il taglio geomagnetico i valori calcolati.

Реэюме

Были исследованы поток и восточно-эападная асимметрия первичных злектронов в космических лучах при геомагнитной обреэанной жесткости 5.36 GV, в течении периода ноябрь 1963 — сентябрь 1965. Были проведены четыре последовательных полета баллонов с маленькой многопластинной искровой камерой, содержашей 5 радиационных длин свинца. Были получены: величина для интегрального потока злектроновF(⩾5.4 ГзВ)=(5.3±0.5)м−2сек−1 стерад−1, и козффициент восточно-эападной асимметрии для наблюдений при 38 к вертикалиA= 2(F W F E )/(F W +F E )=− (0.41±0.21). Покаэывается, что зтот козффициент асимметрии укаэывает, что основная часть первичных злектронов, в области знергий 4.6 ГЗВ⩽E⩽6.5 ГзВ, имеет отрицательный эаряд. В зтом интервале знергий дифференциальный поток отрицательного иэбытка составляет (1.2±0.6)·10−3м−2 сек−1··стерад−1 МзВ−1, предполагая вычисленные величины для геомагнитного обреэания.

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Bland, C.J., Boella, G., Antoni, G.D. et al. On the detection and measurement of cosmic-ray electrons. Nuovo Cimento B (1965-1970) 55, 451–475 (1968). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02711655

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