Abstract
Sapwood wafer and long specimens (6 mm and 15 cm in length, respectively) were prepared from air-dried wood sticks of poplar, beech, fir and pine and impregnated with a number of water repellent formulations (WRFs) by using a simple immersion technique or by application of vacuum. Water repellent components included oleoresin and gum rosin extracted from Aleppo pine trees, a synthetic resin, paraffin wax and, in some cases, the preservative TBTO. Water repellent effectiveness (WRE) was based on swelling or absorption data. All WRFs were found to afford a significant degree of protection against liquid water uptake in treated sapwood specimens. Differences in WRE were observed between wood species and between WRFs based either on oleoresin and gum rosin or on a synthetic resin but they were practically unimportant. No particular WRF tested showed a superiority in all cases. A general comparison between performance results of WRFs for each wood species and group of specimens suggests that the natural products oleoresin and gum rosin (grade WG, WW, N) can be regarded as successful substitutes for the synthetic resin tested when incorporated as basic constituents in WRFs.
Zusammenfassung
Kleine und große Splintholzproben (6 mm und 15 cm Länge) wurden von luftgetrockneten Schnitthölzern der Holzarten Pappel, Buche, Tanne und Kiefer hergestellt und mit verschiedenen Wasserschutzmitteln durch Eintauchen oder Anwendung von Vakuum imprägniert. Die Komponenten der Wasserschutzmittel waren Naturharz und Kolophonium der Aleppokiefer, ein Kunstharz, Paraffin und in einigen Fällen das Schutzmittel TBTO. Die wasser-abweisende Wirksamkeit wurde anhand von Quellungs- und Wasseraufnahmebestimmungen ermittelt. Alle Wasserschutzmittel gewährten einen bedeutsamen Schutz der behandelten Splintholzproben gegen Wasseraufnahme. Es wurden Unterschiede hinsichtlich der wasserabweisenden Wirksamkeit zwischen den Holzarten und zwischen den Wasserschutzmitteln auf der Basis entweder von Naturharz und Kolophonium oder von Kunstharz festgestellt, die aber praktisch unbedeutend waren. Von den erprobten Wasserschutzmitteln zeigte keines eine Überlegenheit in allen untersuchten Fällen. Ein allgemeiner Vergleich zwischen der Wirksamkeit der getesteten Wasserschutzmittel hinsichtlich der Holzart und Probenform weist darauf hin, daß die Naturprodukte Harz und Kolophonium (Sorte WG, WW, N) als geeignete Ersatzstoffe für den erprobten Kunstharz angesehen werden können, wenn sie als Hauptkomponenten in Wasserschutzmitteln verwendet werden.
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Part of a Ministry of Industry, Energy and Technology supported project on “Utilization of natural resins and other extractives of wood and bark as improving and protective substances in wooden structures”
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Voulgaridis, E.V. Oleoresin and gum rosin fromPinus halepensis Mill. as basic constituents in water repellent formulations applied to wood. Holz als Roh-und Werkstoff 51, 324–328 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02663803
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02663803