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Geological investigations applied to the archaeology of the buried city of Sybaris

Recherches Geologiques Appliquees a L’archeologie de la Ville Enterree de Sybaris

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Summary

The ancient city of Sybaris, the most famous Achaean colony of Magna Graecia, was founded in 709 B.C. between the Crati and Coscile rivers on the Plain of Sybaris (Calabria, South Italy). It was discovered only recently, as it lies buried beneath a thick layer of alluvial material.

This paper outlines the original geological investigations applied to the archaeology of the city. Infra-red aerial photographs have revealed the more recent geomorphological modifications of the Plain. The various archaeological levels have been dated by the radiocarbon technique. It was also ascertained that the area is subject to subsidence, averaging in excess of 4.3 mm/year.

This is the real geological cause of the disappearance of the ancient city of Sybaris.

Résumé

L’ancienne ville de Sybaris, célèbre colonie achéenne de la Grande-Grèce, a été fondée en 709 a.J.-C. entre les fleuves Crati et Coscile, dans la même Plaine de Sybaris (Calabre, Italie méridionale). Sa découverte n’a été faite que récemment, puisqu’elle est enterrée sous une épaisse couverture de dépôts alluvials.

Cet article contient des recherches originelles de géologie appliquées à l’Archéologie de cette ville.

On a mis en évidence les dernières considérables modifications géomorphologiques de la Plaine par l’étude de l’aérophotographie à rayons infrarouges. La datation des niveaux archéologiques a été faite par le radiocarbone. On a aussi découvert un processus de subsidence, avec une velocité moyenne même au-dessus de 4,3 mm/an. C’est la cause géologique réelle de la disparition de l’ancienne ville de Sybaris.

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Work performed with contribution from the CNR (Italian National Research Council) (Geological Sciences and Mining Committee Contracts 72/00956.28 and 73/00106).

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Guerricchio, A., Melidoro, G. Geological investigations applied to the archaeology of the buried city of Sybaris. Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology 12, 83–88 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02635435

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02635435

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