Abstract
The physical properties of four evaporitic rocks, anhydrite, gypsum, potash and rock salt, were investigated. Their respective specific gravities and dry densities show little variation and all four rock types have low porosity values. Anhydrite is by far the strongest material both in unconfined compression and in tension, followed by gypsum, potash and rock salt, in that order. The hardness values of these four rock types follow the same order as the strength values, to which they have a highly significant relationship. All four rock types exhibit some amount of plastic deformation prior to failure, anhydrite the least whilst rock salt shows the most. The value of Young's modulus tends to increase as the value of density, strength and hardness increases. Incremental creep tests indicate that rock salt suffers appreciable creep before failure, as does potash. Gypsum undergoes much more creep before failure than does anhydrite.
Résumé
Les propriétés physiques de quatre roches évaporitiques—l'anhydrite, le gypse, la potasse et le sel—ont été examinées. Leurs poids spécifiques respectifs et leurs densités sèches ne varient pas beaucoup. Les quatre types de roches ont une porosité faible. En ce qui concerne la résistance à la compression et à la fraction, l'anhydrite est le matériau le plus résistant, suivi, dans l'ordre, par le gypse, la potasse et le sel. Pour la dureté, ces types de roches suivent le même ordre que la résistance, avec laquelle ils ont une relation très significative. Les quatre types montrent tous une certaine intensité de déformation plastique avant de se fracturer; la déformation de l'anhydrite est la moins grande cependant que le sel montre la déformation plastique la plus grande. Le module de Young tend à croître avec la densité, la résistance et la dureté. Les tests d'allongement croissant indiquent que les roches salées s'allongent considérablement avant de se fracturer, comme le fait la potasse. Le gypse s'allonge beaucoup plus avant la fracture que l'anhydrite.
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Bell, F.G. Geotechnical properties of some evaporitic rocks. Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology 24, 137–144 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02595264
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02595264