Abstract
A relatively large number of field methods are available for determining the dynamic parameters of soil—the wave velocities (Vp Vs) and the quality factors (Qp, Qs)—in the low strain range. In earthquake engineering, the main elastic parameter is the shear wave velocity Vs which allows determination of the in situ shear moulus G. Among the different techniques to infer Vs as a function of the depth, the surface wave inversion appears to be particularly interesting because the surface waves can be recorded during standard refraction tests and because the technique does not require boreholes. Although considerable attention has been given to attenuation measurements in recent years, the quality factor determination from in situ tests remains a difficult and crucial problem. Two techniques—the spectral ratio and the rise time methods—are presented and illustrated in the case of a horizontally layered structure.
Résumé
Un certain nombre de méhodes in situ sont disponibles pour déterminer les paramètres dynamiques d'un sol—les vitesses de propagation sismiques (Vp et Vs) et les facteurs de qualité (Qp et Qs)—dans le domaine des faibles déformations. En génie parasismique, le principal paramètre élastique est la vitesse des ondes de cisaillement Vs qui permet de déterminer le module de cisaillement in situ G. Parmi les différentes techniques capables d'obtenir Vs en fonction de la profondeur, l'inversion des ondes de surface apparait particulièrement intéressante parce que les ondes de surface peuvent être enregistrées à l'occasion d'essais sismique-réfraction standards et parce que la méthode ne nécessite pas de forages. Bien qu'une attention considérable ait été consacrée à la mesure de l'atténuation durant ces dernières années, la détermination du facteur de qualité à partir d'essais in situ reste un problème difficile. Deux techniques de mesure—les méthodes des rapports spectraux et du temps de montée—sont présentées et illustrées dans le cas d'un milieu stratifié horizontal.
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Jongmans, D. The application of seismic methods for dynamic characterization of soils in earthquake engineering. Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology 46, 63–69 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02595035
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02595035