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Effect of geological factors upon the pattern of failure and the stability of rock foundations of concrete dams

Influence des facteurs geologiques sur le caractere de rupture et la stabilite du rocher de fondation des barrages en beton

  • IAEG Symposium “Engineering Geological Problems in Hydrotechnical Contruction”, Tbilisi (USSR), 12–19 September 1979
  • Principal Engineering Geological Problems of Prediction in Hydrotechnical Construction General Report Communications
  • Published:
Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology - Bulletin de l'Association Internationale de Géologie de l'Ingénieur Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

The results of the field and model studies and of field observations demonstrate that the failure of rock foundations of concrete dams may be classified into two types:

  • -sliding along the plane of weakness where unfavourably oriented and extended planes of weakness are present in the rock mass (large fissures, interbeds etc.);

  • -turning accompanied by formation of inclined tension joints under the upstream face of the dam and of the zone of rock crushing under the downstream face where no such planes of weakness are present in the rock foundation or these planes are otherwise oriented.

It is shown that most dams are built on foundations in which no dangerously oriented planes of weakness are present. Such foundations feature considerable bearing capacity far in excess of the bearing capacity resulting from stability analysis made using present-day design methods.

Principal requirements of investigations of rock foundations of concrete dame are stated.

Résumé

Dans la rapport, on montre, sur la base des résultats d'études sur modèle et in situ, ainsi que d'observations in situ, que la rupture du rocher de fondation des barrages en béton peut être de deux types;

  • -cisaillement avec glissement sur une surface de faiblesse dans le cas ou le massif rocheux présente des surfaces de faiblesse à orientations et extensions défavorables (fractures, couches intercalées, etc.);

  • -rotation avec formation de fissures de tension du côté du parement amont et d'une zone de broyage du massif rocheux du côté du parement aval du barrage, en absence d'orientation des surfaces de faiblesse, ou en présence d'une orientation différente de celles qui sont précédemment citées.

Il est indiqué que la plupart des barrages sont construits sur des fondations dépourvues de surfaces d'affaib lissement dangereusement orientées. Ces fondations ont une grande capacité portante, largement supérieure à celle qui est adoptée actuellement dans les calculs de stabilité.

Des exigences principales pour les études du rocher de fondation des barrages en béton sont formulées.

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References

  • Building Norms and Rules (1977): Foundations of Hydraulic Structures, (SNiP P-16-76):, Moscow, 40 pp.

  • DIMITRIEV F.D., Moscow, (1953): Failure of Engineering Structures. 188 pp.

  • FISHMAN Yu.A.—SHIROBOKOV E.Y. (1975): On Effect of the Rock Mass Structure on the Mode of Rock Mass Failure in Shear-Blocks Tests. Report at the Symposium on Effects of Geological Factors on Properties and Conditions of Rock Masses. Apatity, 166–174.

  • FISHMAN Yu.A. (1975): State of Stress of Rock Foundations of Concrete Gravity Dams. Gidrotekhnicheskoye Stroitel'stvo. No. 3, 20–25.

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  • FISHMAN Yu.A. (1976): Comparison of Strength and Deformability Parameters of Rock Foundations and Concrete Dams. Trudy Gidroprojecta” N. 50, 3–28.

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  • FISHMAN Yu.A. (1976): Analysis of Stability and Strength of Rock Foundations of Concrete Gravity Dams. Gidrotekhnicheskoye Stroitel'stvo, No. 5, 17–24.

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Fishman, Y.A. Effect of geological factors upon the pattern of failure and the stability of rock foundations of concrete dams. Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology 20, 18–20 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02591235

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02591235

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