Skip to main content
Log in

A method for concrete bleeding measurement

  • Scientific Reports
  • Published:
Materials and Structures Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Several methods were proposed in the past to measure concrete bleeding, but none of them gives complete satisfaction. The method presented herein consists in sucking water with a pipette, in tracks made on the top surface of concrete just after casting. It takes water evaporation into account. Three tests are carried out simultaneously with three samples of different initial heights. Comparison of the results leads to know whether bleeding is localised (in channels) or not. The average bleeding rate of tests that exhibit no channel is the major result of the test; it is found to be rather repeatable. Overall, this method is believed to be more accurate than the previous ones, since any movement of the sample is avoided during test. Also, a double weighing of water is carried out.

Résumé

Plusieurs méthodes ont été proposées pour mesurer le ressuage d'un béton, cependant, aucune d'elles n'est complètement satisfaisante. La méthode que nous proposons dans cet article consiste à aspirer l'eau de ressuage avec une pipette dans des sillons préalablement tracés à la surface du béton après coulage. La méthode tient compte de l'évaporation par une double pesée. Trois essais sont menés simultanément dans trois moules de différente hauteur. La comparaison des résultats obtenus permet de savoir si une localisation du ressuage fut présente. La moyenne des vitesses de ressuage non localisées est le principal résultat de l'essai. Sa répétabilité est assez bonne et semble donner des résultats plus précis qu'avec les autres essais.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Powers, T.C., ‘The Properties of Fresh Concrete’, (J. Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, U.S.A., 1968) 533–652.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Giaccio, G. and Giovambattista, A., ‘Bleeding: evaluation of its effects on concrete behaviour’,Mater. Struct. (RILEM)112 (July–August) 1986) 265–271.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Tan, T.S., Loh, C.K., Yong, K.Y. and Wee, T.H., ‘Modelling of bleeding of cement paste and mortar’,Advances in Cement Research 9 (34) (April 1997) 75–91.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Josserand, L., ‘Bleeding of concrete’, PhD thesis of École Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 2002 [only available in French] 210 p.

  5. Loh, C.K., Tan, T.S., Yong, K.Y. and Wee, T.H., ‘An experimental study on bleeding and channelling of cement paste and mortar’,Advances in Cement Research 10 (1) (January 1998) 1–16.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Clear, C.A. and Bonner, D.G., ‘Settlement of fresh concrete— An effective stress model’,Magazine of Concrete Research 40 (142) (March 1988) 3–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Khayat, K.H. and Guizani, Z., ‘Use of viscosity-modifying admixture to enhance stability of fluid concrete’,A.C.I. Materials Journal 4 (94) (July 1997) 332–340.

    Google Scholar 

  8. ASTM, ‘Standard test methods for bleeding of concrete’, ASTM C232-87, 1987, 144–147.

  9. Swedish standard, ‘Method for measuring water-separation (Bestämning av betongmassas vattenseparation)’, B5-33, 1965 [only available in Swedish].

  10. Sawaide, M. and Iketani, J., ‘Rheological analysis of the behaviour of bleed water from freshly cast mortar or concrete’,A.C.I. Materials Journal 4 (89) (July 1992) 323–327.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Kaplan, D., ‘Pompage des bétons (Concrete pumping)’, Études et recherches des Laboratoires des Ponts et Chaussées, OA 36, March 2001 [in French] 228 p.

  12. Josserand, L. and de Larrard, F., ‘Experimental study of scale effect in fresh mortar bleeding’, Proceedings of the International Congress of Dundee, September 2002, 819–826.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Editorial note Dr. François de Larrard is a RILEM Senior Member. He works at LCPC, a RILEM Titular Member.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Josserand, L., de Larrard, F. A method for concrete bleeding measurement. Mat. Struct. 37, 666–670 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02480511

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02480511

Keywords

Navigation