Abstract
The existence of the longitudinal field B (3) in the vacuum implies that the gauge group of electrodynamics is O(3),and not U(1) [or O(2)].This results directly in the charge quantization condition e=h(ϰ/A (0)).This condition is derived independently in this paper from the relativistic motion of one electron in the field and is shown to he that in which the electron travels infinitesimally close to the speed of light.
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Evans, M.W. The charge quantization condition inO(3) vacuum electrodynamics. Found Phys 25, 175–181 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02054664
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02054664