Abstract
A method for determination of the fatty acids of blubber fat from living seals is demonstrated: fat samples are retrieved by a small syringe, the fat is directly methanolysed, the resulting fatty acid methyl esters are gas-chromatographed and the chromatographic results are treated by multivariate principal-component analysis. The blubber fat of two grey seals [Halichoerus grypus (Fabricius, 1791)] and two harbor seals (Phoca vitulina L.) at the Aquarium of Bergen, Norway, as well as their diet, herring and mackerel, were monitored over a period of 7 mo in 1989. Fatty acid composition of the blubber fat was significantly different from that of the diet.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literature cited
Ackman, R. G. (1980). Fish lipids. In: Connell, J. J. (ed.) Advances in fish science and technology. Fishing New Books Ltd., Farnham, Surrey, U.K., p. 86–103
Ackman, R. G., Eaton, C. A. (1966). Lipids of the fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) from North Atlantic water. III. Occurrence of eicosenoic and docosenoic fatty acids in the zooplankterMeganyctiphanes norwegica (M. Sars) and their effect on whale oil composition. Can. J. Biochem. 44: 1561–1566
Ackman, R. G., Eaton, C. A., Crewe, N. (1977). Grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) dam-pup transfer of fatty acids. Int. Counc. Explor. Sea Comm. Meet. (Mar. Mammals Comm.) N: 22: 1–7
Ackman, R. G., Epstein, S., Eaton, C. A. (1971). Differences in the fatty acid composition of blubber fats from northwestern Atlantic finwhales (Balaenoptera physalus) and harp seals (Pagophilus groenlandica). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 40B: 683–697
Ackman, R. G., Hooper, S. N. (1974). Long-chain monoethylenic and other fatty acids in heart, liver, and blubber lipids of two harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) and one grey seal (Halichoerus grypus). J. Fish. Res. Bd Can. 31: 333–341
Ackman, R. G., Ke, P. J., MacCallum, W. A., Adams, D. R. (1969). Newfoundland capelin lipids: fatty acid composition and alterations during frozen storage. J. Fish. Res. Bd Can. 26: 2037–2060
Ackman, R. G., Lamothe, F. (1989). Marine mammals. In: Ackman, R. G. (ed.) Marine biogenic lipids, fats, and oils, Vol. II. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, p. 179–381
Berland, B., Bristow, G. A., Grahl-Nielsen, O. (1990). Chemotaxonomy ofGyrocotyle (Platyhelminthes: Cercomeria) species, parasites of chimaerid fish (Holocephali), by chemometry of their fatty acids. Mar. Biol. 105: 185–189
Engelhardt, F. R., Walker, B. L. (1974). Fatty acid composition of the harp seal,Pagophilus groenlandicus (Phoca groenlandica). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 47B: 169–179
Grahl-Nielsen, O., Barnung, T. N. (1985). Variations in the fatty acid profile of marine animals caused by environmental and developmental changes. Mar. envirl Res. 17: 218–221
Jangaard, P. M., Ackman, R. G., Sipos, J. C. (1967). Seasonal changes in fatty acid composition of cod live, flesh, row and milt lipids. J. Fish. Res. Bd Can. 24: 613–627
Jangaard, P. M., Ke, P. J. (1968). Principal fatty acids of depot fat and milk lipids from harp seal (Pagophilus groenlandica) and hooded seal (Cystophora cristana). J. Fish. Res. Bd Can. 25: 2419–2426
Kvalheim, O. M., Karstang, T. (1987). A general-purpose program for multivariate data analysis. Chemometrics intell. Lab. Systems 2: 235–237
Lund, J. (1934). Hvalens stammer og vandringer i lys av oljen fra fangstfeltene. Norsk Hvalfangsttid. (Norwegian Whaling Gazette) 39: 89–96
Magomaev, A. A. (1966). The effect of some biological factors on the composition of the fat of the Caspian seal. Ryb. Khoz. 42: 71–78
Sargent, J. R., Henderson, R. J., Tocher, D. R. (1988). The lipids. In: Halver, J. E. (ed.) Fish nutrition, 2nd edn. Academic Press, San Diego, p. 153–218
Stull, J. W., Brown, W. H., Kooyman, G. L. (1967). Lipids of the Weddell seal, Leptonychotos weddelli. J. Mammal. 48: 642–645
Ulvund, K. A., Grahl-Nielsen, O. (1988). Fatty acid composition in eggs of Atlantic codGadus morhua. Can J. Fish. aquat. Sciences 45: 898–901
Viga, A., Grahl-Nielsen, O. (1990). Genotypic and phenotypic fatty acid composition in the tissues of salmon,Salmo salar. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 96B: 721–727
West, G. C., Burns, J. J., Modafferi, M. (1979a). Fatty acid composition of blubber from the four species of Bering Sea phocid seals. Can. J. Zool. 57: 189–195
West, G. C., Burns, J. J., Modafferi, M. (1979b). Fatty acid composition of Pacific walrus skin and blubber fats. Can. J. Zool. 57: 1249–1255
Wold, S. (1978). Cross validatory estimation of the number of components in factor and principal component models. Technometrics 20: 397–406
Wold, S., Sjöström, M. (1977). SIMCA; a method for analyzing chemical data in terms of similarity and analogy. In: Kowalski, B. R. (ed.) Chemometrics: theory and applications. Symp. Ser. Am. chem. Soc. 52: 243–282
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by T. Fenchel, Helsingør
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Grahl-Nielsen, O., Mjaavatten, O. Dietary influence on fatty acid composition of blubber fat of seals as determined by biopsy: A multivariate approach. Mar. Biol. 110, 59–64 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01313092
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01313092