Human in vitro fertilization employing individualized ovulation induction by human menopausal gonadotropins

Abstract

One hundred six women suffering from obstructive tubal disease not corrected by previous surgery were treated in an in vitro fertilization (IVF) program. Ovulation was induced by 3 amps of human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG)/day starting on the third day of the cycle for 5 days. In most of the patients the regmmen was continued for another 1–3 days, depending on the individual's ovarian response (means, 20±5 amps/cycle). Monitoring consisted of daily follicular ultrasonography and serum estradiol measurements. Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), 10,000 IU, was administered when more than two large (1.5 to 1.8 cm in diameter) follicles were visualized. Using this regimen, a mean of five follicles per woman was aspirated, from which a mean of 3.9 over was recovered. The oocytes were pre-incuted for 8 or 24 hr. according to the morphological degree of inucification and dispersal of the oocyte-corona-cumulus complex. Following exposure to washed spermatozoa for 16 hr, a 68% fertilization rate was obtained. Oocytes were transferred into the uterus 48 hr after laparoscopy. Ninety-nine transfers (93% of the women) of 1–8 embryos (mean, 2.9/woman) were performed and resulted in 16 clinical pregnancies. No pregnancies occurred in 14 women transferred with one to three oocytes in the pronuclear stage and only one pregnancy (7.1%) was obtained in 14 women transferred with one cleaved oocyte. Over 70% of the women were transferred with two or more cleaved oocytes: in this group the pregnancyl transfer rate was 21%. Of thee pregnant women 5 of 16 (31%) aborted between 6 and 10 weeks of gestation and 1 (6%) had an ectopic pregnancy. The individualized regimen of HMG is valuable in increasing the number of fertilized oocytes and compensates with multiple-embryo transfers for the high early embryonic loss occurring in IVF.