Abstract
Six field trials were conducted during the rainy seasons in 1987 and 1988 and dry season of 1988 at ICRISAT Sahelian Center, Niger, to investigate the effects of soil applied nematicides, inorganic fertilizers and farm yard manure (FYM) on spacial variability of groundnut growth and yield. Soil samples from the rhizosphere and geocarposphere zones of the stunted plants showed high numbers of plant-parasitic nematodes (Scutellonema clathricaudatum, Telotylenchus indicus andXiphinema parasetariae). Carbofuran alone at a rate of 10 kg a.i. ha-1 or in combination with FYM greatly reduced the population densities of plant-parasitic nematodes in the soil and roots as well as increased pod and haulm yields. Dibromochloropropane (DBCP) was most effective in reducing the variation in crop growth and significantly increased pod and haulm yields. No significant difference in crop growth, haulm and pod yields was observed between solarized and non-solarized plots.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Baujard P 1990 Nematological diseases of groundnut in West Africa.In ICRISAT (International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-arid Tropics). Summary proceedings of the first ICRISAT Regional Groundnut Meeting for West Africa, 13–16 September 1988, Niamey, Niger. Patancheru, A.P. 502 324, India: ICRISAT, pp 99–100.
Chase R G, Wendt J W and Hossner L R 1989 A study of crop variabiltiy in sandy Sahelian soils.In Soil, Crop and Water Management Systems for Rainfed Agriculture in the Sudano-Sahelian zone: Proceedings of an International Workshop, 11–16 January 1987, ICRISAT Sahelian Center, Niamey, Niger, Patancheru, A.P. 502 324, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics. pp 229–240.
Chauhan R S, Nene Y L, Johansen C, Haware M P, Saxena N P, Sardar Singh, Sharma S B, Sahrawat K L, Burford J R, Rupcla O P, Kumar, Rao J V D K and Sithanantham S 1988 Effect of soil solarization on Pigeon Pea and Chickpea. Research Bulletin No. 11. Patancheru, A.P. 502 324, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics.
Cobb N A 1918 Estimating the nematode population of soil. U S Department of Agriculture technology Circular 1. U S Governement Printing Office, Washington DC.
Germani G 1981 Pathogenicity of the nematodeScutellonema cavenessi on peanut and soybean. Revue de Nématologie 4, 203–208.
Hirouchi S 1984 Soil solarization for supressing soilborne diseases in Japan.In The Ecology and Treatment of Soilborne Diseases in Aisa. pp 11–23. Technical Bulletin No. 78. Taiwan, Republic of China: Food and Fertilizer Technology Center.
ICRISAT (International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics) 1988. Annual Report 1987. Patancheru, A.P. 502 324, India: ICRISAT.
Katan J 1981 Solar heating (solarization) of the soil for 26 control of soilborne pests. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 19, 211–236.
Luc M and Germani G 1983 On the disease called yellow patch of groundnut in Senegal. Plant and Soil 70, 147–150.
Reddy D V R, Rajeshwari R, Iizuka N, Lesemann D E, Nolt B L and Goto T 1983 The occurrence of Indian peanut clump, a soil-borne virus disease of groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea) in India. Ann. Appl. Biol. 102, 305–310.
Sharma S B, Subrahmanyam P and Sarr E 1990 Plantparasitic nematodes associated with groundnut in Niger. Trop. Pest Manag. 36, 71–72.
Sharma S B, Waliyar F, Subrahmanyam P and Ndunguru B J 1992 Role of plant-parasitic nematodes in the etiology are management of crop growth variability in groundnut in Niger. Plant and Soil 143, 133–139.
Shindlet A F 1961 A simple substitute for a Baermann funnel. Plant Dis. Rep. 45, 747–748.
Sivakumar M V K 1991 Drought spells and drought fibe quencies in West Africa. Research Bulletin No. 13, Patancheru, A.P. 502 324, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics. 181 p.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
ICRISAT journal article no 1220.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Subrahmanyam, P., Ndunguru, B.J., Sharma, S.B. et al. Etiology of crop growth variability in groundnut in Niger. Plant Soil 150, 139–146 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00779184
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00779184