Abstract
Photocalorimetric techniques have been used to measure top surface temperatures during melt spinning of Ni-Al and 316L stainless steel ribbons, in order to investigate the effect of cooling rate on the melt-spun alloy microstructures. Cooling conditions during melt-spinning are found to be near-Newtonian, with mean cooling rates, heat transfer coefficients and Nusselt numbers in the range 4×104 to 5×105 K sec−1, 5×104 to 3× 105 Wm−2K−1 and 0.07 to 0.22, respectively, for wheel speeds in the range 4 to 36 m sec−1. The cooling rate during melt-spinning is directly proportional to the wheel speed and inversely proportional to the square of the ribbon thickness. Melt-spun Ni-Al and 316L stainless steel ribbons exhibit a columnar through-thickness solidification microstructure, with a segregation-free region adjacent to the wheel surface. Solidification takes place by heterogeneous nucleation of the undercooled liquid on the wheel surface, followed by partitionless solidification during recalescence, and finally cellular breakdown and segregated solidification. The columnar grain size decreases and the fractional segregation-free thickness increases with increasing wheel speed and cooling rate, indicating that the nucleation undercooling in the liquid is proportional to the cooling rate.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
B. Cantor (ed.), “Rapidly Quenched Metals III” (Metals Society, London, 1978).
T. Masumoto and K. Suzuki (eds), “Rapidly Quenched Metals IV” (Japan Institute of Metals, Sendai, 1982).
S. Steeb and H. Warlimont (eds), “Rapidly Quenched Metals V” (North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1985).
R. W. Cochrane and J. O. Strom-Olsen (eds), “Rapidly Quenched Metals 6” (Elsevier, London, 1988).
B. Cantor, in “Science and Technology of the Undercooled Melt”, edited by P. R. Sahm, H. Jones and C. M. Adam (Nijhoff, Dordrecht, 1986) p. 3.
Idem, in “Rapidly Solidified Amorphous and Crystalline Alloys”, edited by B. H. Kear and B. C. Giessen (Elsevier North-Holland, New York, 1982) p. 317.
H. Jones, Rep. Prog. Phys. 36 (1973) 1425.
Idem, “Rapid Solidification of Metals and Alloys” (Institution of Metallurgists, London, 1982).
M. Hansen and K. Anderko, “The Constitution of Binary Alloys” (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1958).
B. P. Bewlay and B. Cantor, Int. J. Rapid Solidifn 2 (1986) 107.
C. Hayzelden, J. J. Rayment and B. Cantor, Acta Metall. 31 (1983) 379.
A. G. Gillen and B. Cantor, ibid. 33 (1985) 1813.
A. J. B. Vincent, B. P. Bewlay, B. Cantor, R. J. Zabala, R. P. LaForce, S. C. Huang and L. A. Johnson, J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 6 (1987) 121.
H. S. Carslaw and J. C. Jaeger, “Conduction of Heat in Solids” (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1959).
C. Hayzelden, DPhil thesis, University of Sussex (1984).
T. W. Clyne, Metall. Trans. 15B (1984) 369.
R. C. Ruhl, Mater. Sci. Eng. 1 (1967) 313.
J. H. Vincent, J. G. Herbertson and H. A. Davies, in T. Masumoto and K. Suzuki (eds), “Rapidly Quenched Metals IV”, Vol. 1 (Japan Institute of Metals, Sendai, 1982) p. 77.
A. G. Gillen, T. C. Willis and B. Cantor, to be published.
W. J. Boettinger, D. Schechtman, R. J. Schaeffer and F. S. Biancello, Metall. Trans. 15A (1984) 55.
M. Hillert and B. Sundman, Acta Metall. 24 (1976) 731.
J. C. Baker and J. W. Cahn, ibid. 17 (1969) 575.
D. Turnbull, J. Appl. Phys. 21 (1950) 1022.
B. Cantor and R. D. Doherty, Acta Metall. 27 (1979) 33.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cantor, B., Kim, W.T., Bewlay, B.P. et al. Microstructure — cooling rate correlations in melt-spun alloys. J Mater Sci 26, 1266–1276 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00544465
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00544465