Skip to main content
Log in

Theoretical interpretation of the reactivity of the imidazole ring in transformations at the meso carbon atom

  • Published:
Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds Aims and scope

Abstract

Quantum-mechanical calculations by the Pariser-Parr-Pople (PPP) SCF MO and Hückel MO methods explain the previously observed dependence of the reactivities of imidazole derivatives in reactions at the meso carbon atom on the nature of the aromatic nuclei and substituents bonded to the imidazole ring in the 4 and 5 positions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Literature cited

  1. K. Hofmann, Imidazole and Its Derivatives, in: The Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds, Wiley (1953).

  2. E. Shipper and A. Dai, in: Heterocyclic Compounds [Russian translation], Vol. 5, Inostr. Lit., Moscow (1965), p. 161.

    Google Scholar 

  3. A. D. Garnovskii, Reactivities of Systems Containing an Imidazole Ring [in Russian], Khar'kov (1962).

  4. A. F. Pozharskii, A. D. Garnovskii, and A. M. Simonov, Usp. Khim., 35, 261 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  5. A. F. Pozharskii and A. M. Simonov, Chichibabin Amination of Heterocycles [in Russian], Rostov-on-Don (1971), p. 34.

  6. E. Bamberger and B. Berle, Ann., 273, 268 (1893).

    Google Scholar 

  7. A. M. Simonov and L. M. Sitkina, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., No. 1, 116 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  8. N. N. Zatsepina, Yu. P. Kaminskii, and I. F. Tupitsyn, Reakts. Sposob. Organ. Soedin., 4, 433 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  9. Yu. P. Kaminskii, Author's Abstract of Candidate's Dissertation [in Russian], GIPKh, Leningrad (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  10. N. P. Bednyagina, Doctoral Dissertation [in Russian], Ural Polytechnical Institute, Sverdlovsk (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  11. A. M. Simonov and S. N. Kolodyazhnaya, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., No. 1, 141 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  12. A. Ricci and P. Vivarelli, Gazz. Chim. Ital., 97, 750, 758 (1967); J. Chem. Soc. (B), 1180 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  13. D. Harrison and H. W. Jones, J. Chem. Soc. (C), 886 (1969).

  14. G. A. Mokrushina, R. V. Kunakova, and N. P. Bednyagina, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 131, 1397 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  15. A. V. El'tsov and K. M. Krivozheiko, Zh. Organ. Khim., 2, 189 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  16. M. R. Grimett, Advances in Heterocyclic Chemistry, 12, 104 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  17. P. M. Kochergin, M. V. Povstyanoi, B. A. Priimenko, and V. S. Ponomar', Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 129 (1970).

  18. B. A. Priimenko and P. M. Kochergin, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 1248 (1971).

  19. A. M. Simonov and A. D. Garnovskii, Zh. Obshch. Khim., 31, 114 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  20. A. D. Garnovskii and A. M. Simonov, Zh. Obshch. Khim., 31, 1941 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  21. A. M. Simonov, A. D. Garnovskii, Yu. N. Sheinker, B. I. Khristich, and S. S. Trofimova, Zh. Obshch. Khim., 33, 571 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  22. A. D. Garnovskii, A. M. Simonov, V. I. Minkin, and V. D. Dionis'ev, Zh. Obshch. Khim., 34, 272 (1964).

    Google Scholar 

  23. A. M. Simonov and P. A. Uglov, Zh. Obshch. Khim., 21, 884 (1951).

    Google Scholar 

  24. N. D. Vitkevich and A. M. Simonov, Zh. Obshch. Khim., 29, 2614 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  25. A. M. Simonov, N. D. Vitkevich, and B. K. Martsokha, Zh. Obshch. Khim., 30, 3062 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  26. A. M. Simonov and N. D. Vitkevich, Zh. Obshch. Khim., 30, 590 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  27. A. M. Simonov and A. F. Pozharskii, Zh. Obshch. Khim., 31, 3970 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  28. A. M. Simonov and N. D. Vitkevich, Zh. Obshch. Khim., 29, 2404 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  29. A. M. Simonov, N. D. Vitkevich, and S. Ya. Zheltonozhko, Zh. Obshch. Khim., 30, 2688 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  30. V. I. Minkin, I. D. Sadekov, Yu. A. Zhdanov, O. A. Raevskii, and A. D. Garnovskii, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 1100 (1967).

  31. N. Mataga and K. Nishimoto, Z. Phys. Chem., 13, 140 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  32. J. Hinze and H. H. Jaffe, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 84, 540 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  33. G. Del Re, J. Chem. Soc., 3324 (1962).

  34. V. I. Minkin, I. I. Zakharov, and L. L. Popova, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 1552 (1971).

  35. R. J. Pugmire and D. M. Grant, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 90, 4232 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  36. A. F. Pozharskii, V. V. Kuz'menko, and A. M. Simonov, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 1105 (1971).

  37. Yu. V. Koshchenko, A. M. Simonov, and A. F. Pozharskii, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 1132 (1971).

  38. A. M. Simonov and A. F. Pozharskii, Zh. Obshch. Khim., 33, 2350 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  39. I. S. Kashparov, A. F. Pozharskii, and A. M. Simonov, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 1147 (1970).

  40. B. I. Khristich, V. A. Kruchinin, A. F. Pozharskii, and A. M. Simonov, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 814 (1971).

  41. A. F. Pozharskii and I. S. Kashparov, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 1129 (1970).

  42. A. D. Garnovskii, Material from the 3rd Scientific Conference of Fellows of Rostov State University [in Russian], Rostov-on-Don (1961), p. 182.

  43. A. D. Garnovskii, L. I. Kuznetsova, Yu. P. Andreichikov, O. A. Osipov, Yu. V. Kolodyazhnyi, V. I. Minkin, V. A. Bren', A. M. Simonov, and N. I. Avdyunina, Zh. Obshch. Khim., 41, 1829 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  44. R. D. Brown, Austr. J. Chem., 8, 100 (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  45. A. M. Simonov and L. M. Sitkina, Chemistry of Five-Membered Nitrogen Heterocycles, Summaries of Papers Presented at the 2nd All-Union Conference [in Russian], Rostov-on-Don (1966), p. 73.

  46. A. M. Simonov, L. M. Sitkina, and A. V. Pozharskii, Chem. Ind., 1454 (1967).

  47. A. F. Pozharskii, A. M. Simonov, and L. M. Sitkina, Khim. Geterotsikl. Soedin., 916 (1969).

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 99–106, January, 1973.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Garnovskii, A.D., Simonov, A.M. & Minkin, V.I. Theoretical interpretation of the reactivity of the imidazole ring in transformations at the meso carbon atom. Chem Heterocycl Compd 9, 88–94 (1973). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00476160

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00476160

Keywords

Navigation