Skip to main content
Log in

Effect of water temperature and light intensity on growth rate and toxicity change in Protogonyaulax tamarensis

  • Published:
Marine Biology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The effect of water temperature and light intensity on the growth rate and the toxicity of Protogonyaulax tamarensis was examined using a monoclonal culture isolated from Ofunato Bay, Japan in March, 1984. The growth rate decreased with the decrease of either light intensity or temperature. The amount of toxin produced increased concomitantly with the decrease of the growth rate. However, the increase of the toxicity under low growth rate was less remarkable when the growth rate was lowered by the decrease of light intensity. This indicates that photosynthesis plays an important role in the production of toxin in P. tamarensis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Literature cited

  • Boyer, G. L., J. J. Sullivan, R. J. Andersen, P. J. Harrison and F. J. R. Taylor. Toxin production in three isolates of Protogonyaulax sp. In: Toxic dinoflagellates, pp 281–286 Ed. by D. M. Anderson, A. W. White and D. G. Baden. New York, Amsterdam, Oxford: Elsevier 1985

    Google Scholar 

  • Fukazawa, N., T. Ishimaru, M. Takahashi and Y. Fujita: A mechanism of ‘red tide’ formation. I. Growth rate estimate by DCMU-induced fluorescence increase. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 3, 217–222 (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  • Glover, H., J. Beardall and I. Morris: Effects of environmental factors on photosynthesis patterns in Phaeodacylum tricornutum (Bacillariophyceae). I. Effect of nitrogen deficiency and light intensity. J. Phycol. 11, 424–429 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kobayashi, M. and Y. Shimizu: Gonyautoxin VIII, a cryptic precursor of paralytic shellfish poisons. J. C. S. Chem. Comm. 827–828 (1981)

  • Kodama, M., Y. Fukuyo, T. Ogata, T. Kamiya and F. Matsuura. Comparison of toxicities of Protogonyaulax cells of various sizes. Bull. Japan. Soc. Sci. Fish. 48, 567–571 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  • MacIsaac, J. J., G. S. Grunseich, H. E. Glover and C. M. Yentsch: Light and nutrient limitation in Gonyaulax excavata: nitrogen and carbon trace results. In: Toxic dinoflagellate blooms, pp 107–110. Ed. by D. L. Taylor and H. H. Seliger. New York, Amsterdam, Oxford: Elsevier North-Holland, 1979)

    Google Scholar 

  • Morris, I.: Nitrogen assmilation and protein synthesis. In: Algal physiology and biochemistry. Bot., Monogr. 10, Ch. 21, pp 583–635 Ed. by W. D. P. Stewart, Oxford, London, Edinburgh and Melbourne: Blackwell Scientific Publications 1974

    Google Scholar 

  • Ogata, T., M. Kodama, Y. Fukuyo, T. Inoue, H. Kamiya, F. Matsuura, K. Sekiguchi and S. Watanabe. The occurrence of Protogonyaulax spp. in Ofunato Bay, in association with the toxification of the scallop Patinopecten yessoensis. Bull. Japan. Soc. Sci. Fish. 48, 563–566 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  • Oshima, Y. and T. Yasumoto: Analysis of toxins in cultured Gonyaulax excavata. In: Toxic dinoflagellate blooms, pp 377–380. Ed. by D. L. Taylor and H. H. Seliger. New York, Amsterdam, Oxford: Elsevier North-Holland 1979

    Google Scholar 

  • Oshima, Y., M. Machida, K. Sasaki, Y. Tamaoki and T. Yasumoto. Liquid chromatographic-fluorometric analysis of paralytic shellfish toxins. Agric. Biol. Chem. 48, 1707–1711 (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  • Prakash, A.: Growth and toxicity of a marine dinoflagellate, Gonyaulax tamarensis. J. Fish. Res. Bd Can. 24, 1589–1606 (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  • Prakash, A., J. C. Medcof A. D. and Tennant: Paralytic shellfish poisoning in eastern Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Bd Can. 177, 1–87 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  • Proctor, N. H., S. L. Chan and A. J. Trevor: Production of saxitoxin by cultures of Gonyaulax catenello. Toxicon 13, 1–9 (1975)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shimizu, Y., M. Norte, A. Hori, A. Genenah and M. Kobayashi: Biosynthesis of saxitoxin analogues: the unexpected pathway. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 106, 6433–6434 (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh, H. T., Y. Oshima and T. Yasumoto: Growth and toxicity of Protogonyaulax tamarensis in axenic culture. Bull. Japan. Soc. Sci. Fish. 48, 1341–1343 (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sommer, H. and K. F. Meyer: Paralytic shellfish poisoning. Arch. Pathol. 24, 560–598 (1937)

    Google Scholar 

  • Syrett, P. J.: Nitrogen metabolism of microalgae. In: Physiological bases of phytoplankton ecology. Can. Bull. Fish. aquat. Sci. Bull. 210, 182–210. 1981

  • White, A. W.: Salinity effects on growth and toxin content of Gonyaulax excavata, a marine dinoflagellate causing paralytic shellfish poisoning. J. Phycol. 14, 475–479 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  • White, A. W. and L. Maranda. Paralytic toxins in the dinolagellate Gonyaulax exclavata and in shellfish. J. Fish. Res. Bd Can. 35, 397–402 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  • Yanagita, T. (Ed.): Microbiology, Vol. 2. Growth and growth inhibition (Biseibutsukagaku Vol. 2. Seichou, Zoushoku, Zoushokusogai) (in Japanese), 578 pp. Tokyo: Japan Scientific Societies Press 1981

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Communicated by M. Anraku, Tokyo

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ogata, T., Ishimaru, T. & Kodama, M. Effect of water temperature and light intensity on growth rate and toxicity change in Protogonyaulax tamarensis . Mar. Biol. 95, 217–220 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00409008

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00409008

Keywords

Navigation