Abstract
Esterase and glucosephosphate isomerase loci were examined in different year classes of the snapper Chrysophrys auratus Forster from the Hauraki Gulf in New Zealand and compared with temperatures during the immediate post-spawning period, the time when snapper larvae suffer high mortality. Year classes spawned in warm years have a low frequency of the Est-42 allele and year classes from cold years a high frequency of Est-42. Gpi-12 frequencies showed no significant change between warm and cold years. Annual fluctuations in allele frequencies within stocks may account for the observed excess of esterase homozygotes in other marine teleosts.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literature Cited
Avise, J.C. and M.H. Smith: Biochemical genetics of sunfish. 1. Geographic variation and subspecific intergradation in the bluegill, Lepomis macrochirus. Evolution, Lancaster, Pa. 28, 142–156 (1974)
Beardmore, J.A. and R.D. Ward: Polymorphism, selection and multilocus heterozygosity in the plaice, Pleuronectes plantessa L. In: Measuring selection in natural populations, pp 207–222. Ed. by F.B. Christiansen and T.M. Fenchel. Berlin: Springer-Verlag 1977
Cassie, R.M.: Spawing of the smapper, Chrysophrys auratus Forster. Trans. R. Soc. N.Z. 84, 309–328 (1956)
Crossland, J.: The number of snapper Chrysophrys auratus Forster in the Hauraki Gulf, New Zealand based on egg surveys in 1974–75 and 1975–76. Fish. Res. Bull. N.Z. Minist. Agric. Fish. 22 (In press)
Cushing, D.H.: Marine ecology and fisheries, 278 pp. London: Cambridge University Press 1975
Darling, J.S.: Electrophoretic variation in Cyprinodon variegatus and systematics of some fishes of the subfamily Cyprinodontidae; Ph. D. thesis, Yale University, New Haven 1976
Draper, N.R. and H. Smith: Applied regression analysis, 407 pp. New York: John Wiley 1966
Howlett, G. and A. Jamieson: A system of muscle esterase variants in the sprat (Sprattus sprattus). Rapp. P.-v. Réun. Cons. perm. int. Explor. Mer 161, 45–47 (1971)
Jamieson, A., W. de Ligny and G. Naevdal: Serum esterases in mackerel, Scomber scrombrus L. Rapp. P.-v. Réun. Cons. perm. int. Explor. Mer 161, 109–117 (1971)
Johnson, M.S.: Adaptive lactate dehydrogenase variation in the crested blenny, Anoplarchus. Heredity, Lond. 27, 205–226 (1971)
— Comparative geographic variation in Menidia. Evolution, Lancaster, Pa. 28, 607–618 (1974)
— Association of allozymes and temperature in the crested blenny Anoplarchus purpurescens. Mar. Biol. 41, 147–152 (1977)
Koehn, R.K.: Esterase heterogeneity: dynamics of a polymorphism. Science, N.Y. 163, 943–944 (1969)
—, J.E. Perez and R.B. Merritt: Esterase enzyme function and genetical structure of populations of the freshwater fish, Notropis stramineus. Am. Nat. 105, 51–69 (1971)
— and D.I. Rasmussen: Polymorphic and monomorphic esterase heterogeneity in catostomid fish populations. Biochem. Genet. 1, 131–144 (1967)
Le Clus F.: Allele combinations responsible for heterozygote deficiency in esterase polymorphism of the pilchard Sardinops ocellata. Fishery Bull. Un. S. Afr. 10, 1–9 (1978)
Lewontin, R.C.: The gentic basis of evolutionary change, 346 pp. New York: Columbia University Press 1974
Ligny, W., de (Ed.): Special meeting on the biochemical and serological identification of fish stocks. Rapp. P.-v. Réun. Cons. perm. int. Explor. Mer. 161, 1–179 (1971)
Longhurst, A.R.: Racial differences in size and growth in the New Zealand snapper. N.Z. Jl Sci. 1, 487–499 (1958)
Merritt, R.B.: Geographic distribution and enzymatic properties of lactate dehydrogenase allozymes in the fathead minnow, Pimaphales promelas. Am. Nat. 106, 173–184 (1972)
—, J.F. Rogers and B.J. Kurz: Genic variability in the longnose dace, Rhinichthys cataractae. Evolution, Lancaster, Pa. 32, 116–124 (1978)
Mitton, J.B. and R.K. Koehn: Genetic organisation and adaptive response of allozymes to ecological variables in Fundulus heteroclitus. Genetics, Princeton 79, 97–111 (1975)
Paul, L.J.: A study on age, growth, and population structure of the snapper, Chrysophrys auratus (Forster), in the Hauraki Gulf, New Zealand. Fish. Res. Bull. N.Z. Minist. Agric. Fish. 13, 1–62 (1976)
— Historical trends in New Zealand's sea temperatures. In: Proceedings of the Pelagic Fisheries Conference July 1977, pp 70–74. Ed. by G. Habib and P.E. Roberts, Wellington: Government Printer 1978 (Occ. Publs N. Z. Minist. Agric. Fish. No. 15)
Powell, J.R.: Protein variation in natural populations of animals. In: Evolutionary biology pp 79–119. Ed. by T. Dobzhansky, M.K. Hecht and W.C. Steere. New York: Plenum Press 1975
Powers, D.A. and D. Powers: Predicting gene frequencies in natural populations: a testable hypothesis. In: Isozymes. IV. Genetics and evolution, pp 63–84. Ed. by C.L. Markert. New York: Academic Press 1975)
Selander, R.K., M.H. Smith, S.Y. Yang, W.E. Johnson and J.B. Gentry: Biochemical polymorphism and systematics in the genus Peromycus. 1. Variation in the oldfield mouse (Peromyscus polionotus). Studies in genetics VI. Univ. Tex. Publs 7103, 49–90 (1971)
Smith, P.J. and J. Crossland: Identification of larvae of snapper Chrysophrys auratus Forster by electrophoretic separation of tissue enzymes. N.Z. Jl mar. Freshwat. Res. 11, 795–798 (1977)
—, R.I.C.C. Francis and L.J. Paul: Genetic variation and population structure in the New Zealand snapper Chrysophrys auratus Forster. N.Z. Jl mar. Freshwat. Res. 12, 343–350 (1978)
Thompson, D. and S. Mostert: Muscle esterase genotypes in the pilchard, Sardinops ocellata. J. Cons. int. Explor. Mer. 36, 50–53 (1974)
Utter, F.M., C.J. Stormont and H.O. Hodgins: Esterase polymorphism in vitreous fluid of Pacific hake, Merluccius productus. Anim. Blood Grps biochem. Genet. 1, 69–82 (1970)
Williams, G.C., R.K. Koehn and J.B. Mitton: Genetic differentiation in the American eel Anguilla rostrata. Evolution, Lancaster, Pa. 27, 192–204 (1973)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by G.F. Humphrey, Sydney
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Smith, P.J. Esterase gene frequencies and temperature relationships in the New Zealand snapper Chrysophrys auratus . Marine Biology 53, 305–310 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00391612
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00391612