Abstract
Two allopatric populations of Cardium edule and two of C. glaucum were sampled over a period of 16 months and their gonad maturity cycles compared by histological methods. The onset of both spermatogenesis and oogenesis in C. edule took place between September and October; in C. glaucum it was slightly later, between October and November. Development of the gonads continued slowly throughout the winter, C. glaucum developing marginally faster than C. edule. Maturation accelerated in April and May, with the gonads of both species becoming fully ripe in late May and early June. Spawning of the two species approximately coincided at all the localities investigated. Spawning in C. edule was better coordinated than in C. glaucum. Transplanting cockles of one species to the typical habitat of the other did not appreciably alter the spawning period. The separation of spawning periods in sympatric associations of the two cockles is discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literature Cited
Ansell, A.D.: Reproduction, growth and mortality of Venus striatula (Da Costa) in Kames Bay, Millport. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K. 41, 191–215 (1961)
Boyden, C.R.: A comparative study of the reproductive cycles of the cockles Cerastoderma edule and C. glaucum. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K. 51, 605–622 (1971)
— and P.J.C. Russell: The distribution and habitat of the brackish water cockle (Cardium (Cerastoderma) glaucum) in the British Isles. J. Anim. Ecol. 41, 719–734 (1972)
Chipperfield, P.N.J.: Observations on the breeding and settlement of Mytilus edulis L. in British waters. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K. 32, 449–476 (1953)
Creek, G.A.: The development of the lamellibranch Cardium edule L. Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 135, 243–260 (1960)
Høpner Peterson, G.: Notes on the growth and biology of the different Cardium species in Danish brackish water areas. Meddr Danm. Fisk.-og Havunders. (N.S.) 2, 1–31 (1958)
Kingston, P.F.: Interspecific hybridization in Cardium. Nature, Lond. 243, p. 360 (1973)
Lebour, M.V.: Notes on the breeding of some lamellibranchs from Plymouth and their larvae. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K. 23, 119–144 (1938)
Loosanoff, V.L.: Reproductive cycles in Cyprina islandica. Biol. Bull. mar. Lab., Woods Hole 104, 146–155 (1953)
Muus, B.J.: The fauna of Danish estuaries and lagoons; distribution and ecology of dominating species in the shallow reaches of the mesohaline zone. Meddr Danm. Fisk.-og Havunders. 5, 1–316 (1967)
Russell, P.J.C.: Studies on the ecology, distribution and morphology of the cockles Cardium edule L. and Cardium glaucum, Bruguère, Ph.D. Thesis, University of London 1969
—: A reappraisal of the geographical distributions of the cockles Cardium edule, L. and C. glaucum, Bruguière. J. Conch., Lond. 27, 225–234 (1971)
Rygg, B.: Studies on Cerastoderma edule L. and Cerastoderma glaucum (Poiret). Sarsia 43, 65–80 (1970)
Thorson, G.: Reproduction and larval development of Danish marine bottom invertebrates. 9. Lamellibranchs. Meddr Danm. Fisk.-og Havunders. (Ser. Plankton) 4, 292–294 (1946)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by J.H.S. Blaxter, Oban
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kingston, P.F. Studies on the reproductive cycles of Cardium edule and C. glaucum . Marine Biology 28, 317–323 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00388500
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00388500