Abstract
Some simple devices for collection of lipid films and adhering microorganisms have been tested at various places along the Swedish west coast and in model systems. Information is given about enrichment of microorganisms and the magnitude of accumulation in these films. The present work indicates that the use of a Teflon sheet is a suitable method for lipid film sampling, both for microbiological and chemical purposes.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literature Cited
Azam, F. and R.E. Hodson: Size distribution and activity of marine microheterotrophs. Limnol. Oceanogr. 22, 492–501 (1977)
Baier, R.E., D.W. Goupil, S. Perlmutter and R. King: Dominant chemical composition of seasurface films, natural slicks, and foams. J. Rech. Atmos. 8, 571–600 (1974)
Bezdek, H.F. and A.F. Carlucci: Surface concentration of marine bacteria. Limnol. Oceanogr. 17, 566–569 (1972)
Blanchard, D.C. and L. Syzdek: Mechanism for the water-to-air transfer and concentration of bacteria. Science, N.Y. 170, 626–628 (1970)
Crow, S.A., D.G. Ahearn, N.L. Cook and A.W. Bourquin: Densities of bacteria and fungi in coastal surface films as determined by membrane-adsorption procedure. Limnol. Oceanogr. 20, 644–646 (1975)
Daumas, R.A., P.L. Laborde, J.G. Marty and A. Saliot: Influence of sampling method on the chemical composition of water surface film. Limol. Oceanogr. 21, 319–326 (1976)
Dietz, A.S., L.J. Albright and T. Tuominen: Heterotrophic activities of bacterioneuston and bacterioplankton. Can. J. Microbiol. 22, 1699–1709 (1976)
Duce, R.A., J.G. Quinn, C.E. Olney, S.R. Piotrowicz, B.J. Ray and T.L. Wade: Enrichment of heavy metals and organic compounds in the surface microlayer of Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island. Science, N.Y. 176, 161–163 (1972)
Garret, W.D.: Collection of slickforming material from the sea surface. Limnol. Oceanogr. 10, 602–605 (1965)
—: The organic chemical composition of the ocean surface. Deep-Sea Res. 14, 221–227 (1967)
Harvey, G.W.: Microlayer collection from the sea surface: a new method and initial results. Limnol. Oceanogr. 11, 608–613 (1966)
—: and L.A. Burzell: A simple microlayer method for small samples. Limnol. Oceanogr. 17, 156–157 (1972)
Hatcher, R.F. and B.C. Parker: Microbiological and chemical enrichment of freshwater surface microlayers relative to the bulk subsurface water. Can. J. Microbiol. 20, 1051–1057 (1974)
Hoppe, H.-G.: Determination and properties of actively metabolizing heterotrophic bacteria in the sea, investigated by means of microautoradiography. Mar. Biol. 36, 291–302 (1976)
Jannasch, H.W. and G.E. Jones: Bacterial populations in sea water as determined by different methods of enumeration. Limnol. Oceanogr. 4, 128–139 (1959)
— and P.H. Pritchard: The role of inert particulate matter in the activity of aquatic microorganisms. Memorie Ist. ital. Idrobiol. 29 (Suppl.), 289–308 (1972)
Jarvis, N.J.: Adsorption of surface-active material at the sea-air interface. Limnol. Oceanogr. 12, 213–221 (1967)
Kjelleberg, S. and N. Kåkansson: Distribution of lipolytic, proteolytic, and amylolytic marine bacteria between the lipid film and the subsurface water. Mar. Biol. 39, 103–109 (1977)
— B. Norkrans, H. Löfgren and K. Larsson: Surface balance study of the interaction between microorganisms and lipid monolayer at the air/water interface. Appl. envir. Microbiol. 31, 609–611 (1976)
Larsson, K., G. Odham and A. Södergren: On lipid films on the sea. I. A simple method for sampling and studies of composition. Mar. Chem. 2, 49–57 (1974)
MacIntyre, F.: The top millimeter of the ocean. Scient. Am. 230, 62–77 (1974)
Marumo, R., N. Tuga and T. Nakai: Neustonic bacteria and phytoplankton in surface microlayers of the equatorial waters. Bull. Plankton Soc. Japan 18, 36–41 (1971)
Miget, R., H. Kator, C. Oppenheimer, J. L. Laseter and E.J. Ledet: New sampling device for the recovery of petroleum hydrocarbons and fatty acids from aqueous surface filsm. Analyt. Chem. 46, 1154–1157 (1974)
Norkrans, B.: On the occurrence of yeasts in an estuary off the Swedish westcoast. Svensk bot. Tidskr. 60, 463–482 (1966)
Norkrans, B. Role of surface microlayers. In: Proceedings of the Workshop on microbial degradation of pollution in marine environments, Gulf-Breenze, Florida 9–14 April 1978, Ed. S.P. Meyers. (In press)
—: and F. Sörensson: On the marine lipid surface microlayer-bacterial accumulation in model systems. Botanica mar 20, 473–478 (1977)
Riley, G.A.: Organic aggregates in sea water and the dynamics of their formation and utilization. Limnol. Oceanogr. 8, 372–381 (1963)
Sieburth, J. McN.: Distribution and activity of oceanic bacteria. Deep-Sea Res. 18, 1111–1121 (1971)
—: P.-J. Willis, K.M. Johson, C.M. Burney, D.M. Lavoie, K.R. Hinga, D.A. Caron, F.W. French III, P.W. Johnson and P.G. Davies: Dissolved organic matter and heterotrophic microneuston in the surface microlayers of the North Atlantic. Science, N.Y. 194, 1415–1418 (1976)
Gsyban, A.V.: Marine bacterioneuston. J. oceanogr. Soc. Japan 27, 56–66 (1971)
Wangersky, P.J.: The surface film as a physical environment. A. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 7, 161–176 (1976)
—: The role of particulate matter in the productivity of surface water. Helgoländer wiss. Meeresunters. 30, 546–564 (1977)
Wiebe, W.J. and L.R. Pomeroy: Microorganisms and their associatiion with aggregates and detritus in the sea: a microscopic study. Memorie Ist. ital. Idrobiol. 29 (Suppl.) 325–353 (1972)
ZoBell, C.E.: Marine microbiology, a monograph on hydrobacteriology, 240 pp. Waltham, Mass.: Chronica Botanica Publishers 1946
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by T. M. Fenchel, Aarhus
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kjelleberg, S., Stenström, T.A. & Odham, G. Comparative study of different hydrophobic devices for sampling lipid surface films and adherent microorganisms. Mar. Biol. 53, 21–25 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00386525
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00386525