Skip to main content
Log in

Reproduction and development of the polychaete Stauronereis rudolphi, including a summary of development in the superfamily Eunicea

  • Published:
Marine Biology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The life history of the dorvilleid polychaete Stauronereis rudolphi (Delle Chiaje) was studied through the F2 generation under laboratory conditions. The species released its gametes into the water where fertilization occurred. The pelagic larvae swam for one week before settling. Segments were added successively and sexual maturity was reached in one year of laboratory culture. Spawned adults recovered and began feeding a few days after spawning. The culture techniques and foods used to rear developing eggs, larvae, juveniles, and adults were described. Comparisons were made with other developmental studies in the superfamily Eunicea.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Literature cited

  • Aiyar, R. G.: An account of the development and breeding habits of a brackish water polychaete worm of the genus Marphysa. Linn. Soc. J. 37, 398–404 (1931).

    Google Scholar 

  • —, and M. K. Panikkar: Observations on the swarming habits and lunar periodicity of Platynereis sp. from the Madras harbour. Indian Acad. Sci. Proc. 10, 113–140 (1937).

    Google Scholar 

  • Allen, M. J.: Observations on living developmental stages of the polychaete, Diopatra cuprea (Bosc). Anat. Rec. 111, 550 (1951).

    Google Scholar 

  • —: An example of parasitism among polychaetes. Nature 199, 197 (1952).

    Google Scholar 

  • —: Development of the polychaete, Diopatra cuprea (Bosc). Anat. Rec. 117, 572–573 (1953).

    Google Scholar 

  • —: The breeding of polychaetous annelids near Parguera, Puerto Rico. Biol. Bull. 113, 49–57 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  • —: Embryological development of the polychaetous annelid, Diopatra cuprea (Bosc). Biol. Bull. 116, 339–361 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  • —: A cytolochemical study of the developing oocytes and attached nurse cells of the polychaetous annelid Diopatra cuprea (Bosc). Acta. Embry. Morph. Exp. 4, 219–238 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  • Andrews, E. A.: Report upon the annelida polychaeta of Beaufort, North Carolina. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 14, 277–302 (1891 a).

    Google Scholar 

  • —: Reproductive organs of Diopatra. J. Morph. 5, 113–124 (1891 b)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bacci, G.: Existence of true males and females in a hermaphrodite population of Ophryotrocha puerilis. Experientia 7, 222–224 (1951).

    Google Scholar 

  • —, and O. Bortesi: Existence of multiple sex genotypes in the hermaphrodite polychaete worm Ophryotrocha puerilis siberti. Nature 190, 838 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  • —, and M. La Greca: Genetic and morphological evidence for subspecific differences between Naples and Plymouth populations of Ophryotrocha puerilis. Nature 171, 1115 (1953).

    Google Scholar 

  • Banse, K.: Polychaetous annelids from Puget Sound and the San Juan Archipelago, Washington. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 76, 197–208 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bonnier, J.: Notes sur les annélides du Boulonnais l'Ophryotrocha puerilis Clap. et Metsch., et son appareil maxillarie. Bull. scient. Fr. Belg. 25, 198–226 (1893).

    Google Scholar 

  • Borradaile, L. A.: On the spawn and young of a polychaete worm of the genus Marphysa. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 2, 714–720 (1901).

    Google Scholar 

  • Braem, F.: Zur Entwicklungsgeschichte von Ophryotrocha puerilis Clap. Metsch. Z. wiss. Zool. Leipzig 57, 187–223 (1893).

    Google Scholar 

  • Burrows, W.: Periodic spawning of “palolo” worm in Pacific waters. Nature 155, 47–48 (1945).

    Google Scholar 

  • Caspers, H.: Beobachtungen über Lebensraum und Schwarmperiodizität des Palolowurmes Eunice viridis (Polychaeta, Eunicidae). Int. Revue ges. Hydrobiol. 46, 175–183 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  • Choe, S.: On the life history of the polychaete worm Diopatra neapolitana Delle Chiaje. Bull. Japanese Soc. Sci. Fish 26, 430–437 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  • Claparède, E.: Les annélides chétopodes du golfe de Naples. Soc. Phys. Geneve, Mém. 19, 313–584 (1868).

    Google Scholar 

  • —, and E. Metschnikoff: Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Entwicklungsgeschichte der Chaetopoden. Z. wiss. Zool. Leipzig 19, 163–205 (1869).

    Google Scholar 

  • Clark, L., and W. Hess: The spawning of the Atlantic palolo, Leodice fucata (Ehlers). Tortugas Lab. Carnegie Inst. Pap. 33, 21–70 (1940a).

    Google Scholar 

  • —, and W. Hess: The reaction of the Atlantic palolo, Leodice fucata to light. Tortugas Lab. Carnegie Inst. Pap. 33, 71–81 (1940b).

    Google Scholar 

  • Coe, W. R.: Divergent pathways in sexual development. Science. 91, 175–182 (1940).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fage, L., and R. Legendre: Pêches planctoniques à la lumière effectuées à Banyuls-sur-Mer et à Concarneau. Annélides polychètes. Arch. Zool. Exp. gén. Paris 67, 23–222 (1927).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fauvel, P.: Polychètes errantes. Faune de France, Paris 5, 1–488 (1923).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fewkes, J. N.: On the development of certain worm larvae. Mus. Comp. Zool. Bull. 11, 167–208 (1883).

    Google Scholar 

  • Franzén, A.: On spermiogensis, morphology of the spermatozoan and of fertilization among invertebrates. Zool. Bidrag, Uppsala 31, 356–482 (1956).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gilpin-Brown, J. B.: The reproduction and larval development of Nereis fucata (Savigny). J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. 38, 65–80 (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  • Geavier, C.: La ponte et l'incubation chez les annélides polychètes. Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool. Paris 10, 153–247 (1923).

    Google Scholar 

  • Geavier, C., and J. L. Dantan: Pêches nocturnes à la lumière dans la Baie d'Alger. Annélides polychètes. Inst. Oceanogr. Paris, Ann. n. s. 5, 1–187 (1928).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartman, O.: New species of polychaetous annelids from southern California. Allan Hancock Found. Pac. Exped. 7, 157–172 (1939).

    Google Scholar 

  • —: Polychaetous annelids. Pt. 5. Eunicea. Allan Hancock Found. Pac. Exped. 10, 1–238 (1944).

    Google Scholar 

  • —: The marine annelids of North Carolina. Duke Univ. Mar. Sta. Bull. 2, 1–54 (1945).

    Google Scholar 

  • —: Catalogue of the polychaetous annelids of the world. Parts I, II, supplement 60–65 and index. Allan Hancock Found. Publ. Occ. Pap. 23, 1–628, suppl. 197 pp (1959).

    Google Scholar 

  • —: Deep-water benthic polychaetous annelids off New England to Bermuda and other north Atlantic areas. Allan Hancock Found. Publ. Occ. Pap. 28, 1–378 (1965).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartnoll, R. G.: Iphtime cuenoti Fauvel (Eunicidae), a polychete new to British waters. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 5, 93–96 (1962).

    Google Scholar 

  • Heider, K.: Über Zahnwechsel bei polychaeten Anneliden. Sber. Akad. Wiss. Berlin (Phys. Math. Kl.) pp. 488–491 (1922).

  • Herpin, R.: Recherches Biologiques sur la réproduction et le dévelopement de quelques annélides polychaètes. Soc. Sci. Nat. l'Ouest France, Nantes, Bull. 4, 1–250 (1926).

    Google Scholar 

  • Horst, R.: Wowo and palolo worms. Nature 69, 582 (1904).

    Google Scholar 

  • Keishnan, G.: The development of Diopatra variabilis (Southern). Z. wiss. Zool. Leipzig 147, 513–525 (1926).

    Google Scholar 

  • Krishnamoorthi, B.: Studies on the osmotic properties of the eggs and larvae of a brackish-water polychaete, Marphysa gravelyi Southern. Proc. Indian, Acad. Sci. 34, 199–209 (1951).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mayer, A. G.: An Atlantic palolo, Staurocephalus gregaricus. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. 36, 1–14 (1900).

    Google Scholar 

  • —: The Atlantic palolo (Eunice fucata). Brooklyn Mus. Bull. 1, 93–103 (1902).

    Google Scholar 

  • —: The annual breeding-swarm of the Atlantic palolo. Tortugas Lab. Carnegie Inst. Pap. 102, 105–112 (1908).

    Google Scholar 

  • —: The annual swarming of the Atlantic palolo (Eunice fucata). Int. Zool. Cong. Cambridge Proc. 7, 147–151 (1912).

    Google Scholar 

  • Monro, C. C. A.: On the post-larval stage in Diopatra cuprea Bosc. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 9, 193–199 (1924).

    Google Scholar 

  • Moore, J. P.: Additional new species of polychaete from the North Pacific. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia Proc. 58, 217–260 (1906).

    Google Scholar 

  • Okuda, S.: Studies on the development of annelida polychaeta. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Imp. Univ. J. 9, 115–219 (1946).

    Google Scholar 

  • Parenti, U.: Self-fertilization in Ophryotrocha labronica. Experentia 16, 413–414 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  • Pettibone, M. H.: Endoparasitic polychaetous annelids of the family Arabellidae with a description of new species. Biol. Bull. 113, 170–187 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  • —: Marine polychaete worms of the New England region. I. Aphroditidae through Trochaetidae. U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 227, 1–356 (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  • Pillai, T. G.: Studies on a brackish-water polychaetous annelid, Marphysa borradailei sp. n. from Ceylon. Ceylon J. Sci. Biol. 1, 94–106 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  • Reish, D. J.: The life history of the polychaetous annelid Neanthes caudata (Delle Chiaje) including a summary of development in the family Nereidae. Pac. Sci. 11, 216–228 (1957).

    Google Scholar 

  • —: The use of the sediment bottle, collector for monitoring polluted marine waters. California Fish Game 47, 261–272 (1961).

    Google Scholar 

  • —, and T. L. Richards: A culture method for maintaining large populations of polychaetous annelids in the laboratory. Turtox News 44, 16–17 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  • Society of Photozologists, Committee on Cultures: A catalogue of laboratory strains of free-living and parasitic protozoa. J. Protozool. 5, 1–38 (1958).

    Google Scholar 

  • Southern, R.: Polychaeta of the Chilka Lake and also of fresh and brackish waters in other parts of India. Mem. Indian Mus. Calcutta 5, 563–659 (1921).

    Google Scholar 

  • Webster, H. E., and J. E. Benedict: The annelida chaetopoda from Provincetown and Wellfleet, Massachusetts. Rep. U. S. Fish Comm. for 1881. pp. 699–747 (1884).

  • Wilson, E. B.: Observations on the early developmental stages of some polychaetous annelids. Stud. Biol. Lab. Hopkins Univ. 2, 271–299 (1882).

    Google Scholar 

  • Åkesson, B.: The embryology of polychaete Eunice kobiensis. Acta zool., Stockh. 48, 141–192 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • —: On the biology and larval morphology of Ophryotrocha puerilis Claparède & Metschnikov (Polychaeta). Ophelia 4, 111–119 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hartman, O.: Larval development of benthic invertebrates in Antarctic sea: early development of Nothria notialis (Monro) and Paronuphis antarctica (Monro) in Bransfield strait, Antaretic peninsula. Symp. Pacific-Antaretic Sci. Polar Res. Proc. Tokyo, pp. 154–157 (1967).

  • —: Polychaetous annelids collected by the USNS Eltanin and Staten Island cruises, chiefly from Antarctic seas. Allan Hancock Monogr. mar. Biol. 2, 1–387 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Communicated by G. L. Voss, Miami

This study was a portion of a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Biology, California State College at Long Beach. It was in part supported by research grant WP-00531-02 from the National Institute of Health, U. S. Public Health Service, under supervision of Dr. Donald J. Reish. Contribution No. 1 of the Ira C. Darling Center for Research, Teaching and Service, University of Maine, Maine 04573, U.S.A.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Richards, T.L. Reproduction and development of the polychaete Stauronereis rudolphi, including a summary of development in the superfamily Eunicea. Marine Biol. 1, 124–133 (1967). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00386517

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00386517

Keywords

Navigation