Abstract
The marine diatom Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus was used for a study of resting spore formation and cellular phosphorus composition. Resting spores were found in any culture medium with ample silica, including nitrogen limited, phosphorus limited and nutrient replete conditions. Resting spores protected themselves with thick silica walls, so that vegetative cells required about 3 pmol cell-1 of additional silica to form resting spores. Phosphorus compounds in the cells were divided into eight fractions: nucleotide-P, orthophosphate, acid soluble polyphosphate, sugar phosphate, nucleic acid-P, acid insoluble polyphosphate, lipid-P and residual-P. The sum of orthophosphate, sugar phosphate and nucleic acid-P comprised over 65% of the total phosphorus in cells under any culture conditions. Sugar phosphate was the most variable component, being most abundant in vegetative cells and least abundant in resting spores.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bieleski RL (1968) Effect of phosphorus deficiency on levels of phosphorus compounds in Spirodela. Pl Physiol, Wash 43: 1309–1316
Bieleski RL (1973) Phosphate pools, phosphate transport, and phosphate availability. Ann Rev Pl Physiol, Wash 24: 225–252
Bieleski RL, Ferguson IB (1983) Physiology and metabolism of phosphate and its compounds. In: Lauchili A, Bieleski RL (eds) Encyclopedia of plant physiology. New Series. Vol. 15A. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, New York, pp 422–449
Crawford RM (1973) The protoplasmic ultrastructure of the vegetative cell of Melosira variance C. A. Agardh. J Phycol 9: 50–61
Cupp EE (1943) Marine plankton diatoms of the west coast of North America. Bull Scripps Instn Oceanogr tech Ser 5: 1–238
Davis CO, Hollibaugh JT, Seibert DLR, Thomas WH, Harrison PJ (1980) Formation of resting spores by Leptocylindrus danicus (Bacillariophyceae) in a controlled experimental ecosystem. J Phycol 16: 296–302
Drebes G (1966) On the life cycle of the marine plankton diatom, Stephanopyxis palmeriana. Helgoländer wiss Meeresunters 13: 101–115
French FW, Hargraves PE (1985) Spore formation in the life cycles of the diatoms Chaetoceros diadema and Leptocylindrus danicus. J Phycol 21: 477–483
Furnas M (1978) Influence of temperature and cell size on the division rate and chemical content of the diatom Chaetoceros curvisetum Cleve. J exp mar Biol Ecol 34: 97–109
Garrison DL (1981) Monterey Bay phytoplankton. II. Resting spore cycles in coastal diatom populations. J Plankton Res 3: 137–156
Garrison DL (1984) Planktonic diatoms. In: Steidinger KA, Walker LM (eds) Marine plankton life cycle strategies. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, pp 1–17
Goldman JC, Hansell DA, Dennett MR (1992) Chemical characterization of three large oceanic diatoms: potential impact on water column chemistry. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 88: 257–270
Guillard RRL, Ryther JH (1962) Studies of marine planktonic diatoms. I. cyclotella nana Hustedt and Detonula confervacea (Cleve) Gran. Can J Microbiol 8: 229–238
Hall JR, Hodges TK (1966) Phosphorus metabolism of germinating Oat seeds. P Physiol, Wash 41: 1459–1464
Hargraves PE (1976) Studies on marine plankton diatoms. II. Resting spore morphology. J Phycol 12: 118–128
Hargraves PE, French FW (1980) Physiological characteristics of plankton diatom resting spores. Mar Biol Lett 1: 185–195
Hargraves PE, French FW (1983) Diatom resting spores: significance and strategies. In: Fryxell GA (ed) Survival strategies of the algae. Cambridge University Press, New York, pp 49–68
Harrison HL, Conway HL, Holmes RW, Davis CO (1977) Marine diatoms grown in chemostats under silicate or ammonium limitation. III. Cellular chemical composition and morphology of Chaetoceros debilis, Skeletonema costatum, and Thalassiosira gravida. Mar Biol 43: 19–31
Ikari J (1926) On some Chaetoceras of Japan. I. Bot Mag, Tokyo 40: 517–534
Ketchum BH (1939) The development and restoration of deficiencies in the phosphorus and nitrogen composition of unicellular plants. J cell comp Physiol 13: 373–381
Koroleff F (1983) Determination of phosphorus. In: Grasshoff K, Ehrhardt M, Kremling K (eds) Methods of seawater analysis. Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, pp 125–139
Kuenzler EJ, Ketchum BH (1962) Rate of phosphorus uptake by Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Biol Bull mar biol Lab, Woods Hole 123: 134–145
Kuwata A, Hama T, Takahashi M (1993) Ecophysiological characterization of two life forms, resting spores and resting cells, of a marine planktonic diatom, Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus, formed under nutrient depletion. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 102: 245–255
Kuwata A, Takahashi M (1990) Life-form population responses of a marine planktonic diatom, Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus, to oligotrophication in regionally upwelled water. Mar Biol 107: 503–512
Lund JWG, Kilping C, Le Cren ED (1958) The inverted microscope method of estimating algal numbers, and the statistical basis of estimation by counting. Hydrobiologia 11: 143–170
Mackereth FG (1953) Phosphorus utilization by Asterionella formosa Hass. J exp. Bot 4: 296–313
Marschner H (1986) Mineral nutrition of higher plants. Academic Press, San Diego
Menzel DW, Corwin N (1965) The measurement of total phosphorus in seawater based on the liberation of organically bound fractions by persulfate oxidation. Limnol Oceanogr 10: 280–282
Miyata K, Hattori A (1986) A simple fractionation method for determination of phosphorus components in phytoplankton: application to natural populations of phytoplankton in summer surface waters of Tokyo Bay. J oceanogr Soc Japan 42: 255–265
Miyata K, Hattori A, Ohtsuki A (1986) Variation of cellular phosphorus composition of Skeletonema costatum and Heterosigma akashiwo grown in chemostats. Mar Biol 93: 291–297
Mukherji S, Dey B, Paul AK, Sircar SM (1971) Changes in phosphorus fractions and phytase activity of rice seeds during germination. Physiologia Pl 25: 94–97
Murphy J, Riley JP (1962) A modified single solution method for the determination of phosphate in natural waters. Analytica chim Acta 27: 31–36
Nishijima T, Fukami K (1993) Raphidophyceae and Bacillariophyceae. In: Yoshida Y (ed) Effect of N:P ratio in water on aquatic organisms (in Japanese). Kouseisya Kouseikaku. Tokyo, pp 20–28
Okamura K (1907) Some Chaetoceras and Peragallia of Japan. Bot Mag, Tokyo 21: 89–106
Pitcher GC (1990) Phytoplankton seed populations of the Cape Peninsula upwelling plume, with particular reference to resting spores of Chaetoceros (Bacillariophyceae) and their role in seeding upwelling waters. Estuar cstl Shelf Sci 31: 283–301
Strickland JDH, Parsons TR (1968) A practical handbook of seawater analysis. Bull Fish Res Bd Can 167: 1–311
Sugawara K (1969) On the preparation of CSK standards for marine nutrients analysis. SCOR UNESCO, ICUC, Tokyo
Takano H (1990) Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus Mangin. In: Fukuyo Y, Takano H, Chihara M, Matsuoka K (eds) Red tide organisms in Japan — an illustrated taxonomic guide. Uchida Rokakuho, Tokyo, pp 290–291
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by T. Ikeda, Hiroshima
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Oku, O., Kamatani, A. Resting spore formation and phosphorus composition of the marine diatom Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus under various nutrient conditions. Marine Biology 123, 393–399 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00353630
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00353630