Abstract
Nucleotide sequences have been determined for the 5.8S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene, and the first and second internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2, respectively), for representatives of the two phaeophycean genera Alaria and Postelsia, of the order Laminariales (kelp). These regions of the ribosomal cistron were remarkably conserved between these two morphologically diverse taxa. The phaeophycean-derived ITS regions were similar in length to those of green plants and fungi, but only similar to the former in G+C content. The phenomenon of G+C balance was exhibited for the ITS1 and ITS2 of P. palmaeformis Ruprecht, but less so for these spacers in A. marginata Postels and Ruprecht. Putative stem-loops, possibly involved in post-transcriptional processing, have been identified for these two phaeophycean taxa in a conserved region immediately upstream (5′) from the 5.8S gene. Phylogenetic relationships of the kelps relative to animals, plants and fungi could not be resolved with the 5.8S gene sequence.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literature cited
Appels, R., Honeycutt, R. L. (1986). rDNA: evolution over a billion years. In: Dutta, S. K. (ed.) DNA systematics. Volume II. Plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, p. 81–135
Baroin, A., Perasso, R., Qu, L-H., Brugerolle G., Bachellerie, J. P., Adouette, A. (1988). Partial phylogeny of the unicellular eukaryotes based on rapid sequencing of a portion of 28S ribosomal RNA. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 85: 3474–3478
Bhattacharya, D., Druehl, L. D. (1988). Phylogenetic comparison of the small-subunit ribosomal DNA sequence of Costaria costata (Phaeophyta) with those of other algae, vascular plants and oomycetes. J. Phycol. 24: 539–543
Bhattacharya, D., Druehl, L. D. (1990). Restriction enzyme analysis of variation and taxonomy in the kelp genus Laminaria (Laminariales, Phaeophyta) Hydrobiologia (Devs Hydrobiol.) 204/205: 105–110 (Proc. 13th int. Seaweed Symp.)
Bhattacharya, D., Elwood, H. J., Goff, L. J., Sogin, M. L. (1990). Phylogeny of Gracilaria lemaneiformis (Rhodophyta) based on sequence analysis of its small subunit ribosomal RNA coding region. J. Phycol. 26: 181–186
Druehl, L. D., Saunders, G. W. (1992). Molecular explorations in kelp evolution. Prog. phycol. Res. 8: 47–83
Estes, J. A., Steinberg, P. D. (1988). Predation, herbivory, and kelp evolution. Paleobiology 14: 19–36
Fain, S. R., Druehl, L. D., Baillie, D. L. (1988). Repeat and single copy sequences are differentially conserved in the evolution of kelp chloroplast DNA. J. Phycol. 24: 292–302
Felsenstein, J. (1990). PHYLIP. Manual version 3.3 University Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley, California
Fitch, W. M., Margoliash, E. (1967). Construction of phylogenetic trees. Science N.Y. 155: 279–284
Gerbi, S. (1985). Evolution of ribosomal DNA. In: MacIntyre, R. (ed.) Molecular evolutionary genetics. Plenum Press, New York, p. 419–517
Gunderson, J. H., Elwood, H., Ingold, A., Kindle, K., Sogin, M. L. (1987). Phylogenetic relationships between chlorophytes, chrysophytes, and oomycetes. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84: 5823–5827
Kimura, M. (1980). A single model for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. J. molec. Evolut. 16: 111–120
Lüning, K., tom Dieck, I. (1990). The distribution and evolution of the Laminariales: North Pacific Atlantic relationships. In: Garbary, D. J., South, G. R. (eds.) Evolutionary biogeography of the marine algae of the North Atlantic. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, p. 187–204
McCarrol, R., Olsen, G. J., Stahl, Y. D., Woese, C. R., Sogin, M. L. (1983). Nucleotide sequence of the Dictyostelium discoideum small-subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid inferred from the gene sequence: evolutionary implications. Biochemistry 22: 5868–5868
Nazar, R. N., Wong, W. M., Abrahamson, J. L. A. (1987). Nucleotide sequence of the 18-25S ribosomal RNA intergenic region from a thermophile, Thermomyces lanuginosus. J. biol. Chem. 262: 7523–7527
Perasso, R., Baroin, A., Qu, L.-H., Bachellerie, J. P., Adoutte, A. (1989). Origin of the algae. Nature, Lond. 339: 142–144
Saunders, G. W., Druehl, L. D. (1991). Restriction enzyme mapping of the nuclear ribosomal cistron in selected Laminariales (Phaeophyta): a phylogenetic assessment. Can. J. Bot. 69: 2647–2654
Saunders, G. W., Druehl, L. D. (1992). Nucleotide sequences of the small-subunit ribosomal RNA genes from selected Laminariales (Phaeophyta): implications for kelp evolution. J. Phycol. 28: 544–549
Sogin, M. L., Elwood, H. J., Gunderson, J. H. (1986). Evolutionary diversity of eukaryotic small-subunit rRNA genes. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83: 1383–1387
Sogin, M. L., Gunderson, J. H., Elwood, H. J., Alonso, R. A., Peattie, D. A. (1989). Phylogenetic meaning of the kingdom concept: an unusual ribosomal RNA from Giardia lamblia. Science, N. Y. 243: 75–77
Stewart, M. A., Hall, L. M. C., Maden, B. E. H. (1983). Multiple heterogeneities in the transcribed spacers of ribosomal DNA from Xenopus laevis. Nucleic Acids Res. 11: 629–646
Templeton, A. R. (1983). Phylogenetic inference from restriction endonuclease cleavage site maps with particular reference to the evolution of humans and the apes. Evolution 37: 221–244
Torres, R. A., Ganal, M., Hemleben, V. (1990): GC balance in the internal transcribed spacers ITS1 and ITS2 of nuclear ribosomal RNA genes. J. molec. Evolut. 30: 170–181
White, T. J., Bruns, T., Lee, S., Taylor, J. (1990). Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: Innis, M. A., Gelfand, D. H., Sninsky, J. J., White, T. J. (eds.) PCR protocols. A guide to methods and applications. Academic Press, San Diego, p. 315–322
Woese, C. R. (1987). Bacterial evolution. Microbiol. Rev. 51: 221–271
Woese, C. R., Gutell, R., Gupta, R., Noller, H. F. (1983). Detailed analysis of the higher-order structure of 16S-like ribosomal ribonucleic acids. Microbiol. Rev. 47: 621–669
Yokota, Y., Kawata, T., Iida, Y., Kato, A., Tanifuji, S. (1989). Nucleotide sequences of the 5.8S rRNA gene and internal transcribed spacer, regions in carrot and broad bean ribosomal DNA. J. molec. Evolut. 29: 294–301
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by G. F. Humphrey, Sydney
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Saunders, G.W., Druehl, L.D. Nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacers and 5.8S rRNA genes from Alaria marginata and Postelsia palmaeformis (Phaeophyta: Laminariales). Marine Biology 115, 347–352 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00349831
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00349831