Abstract
The bathymetric distribution of chaetognath fauna observed at planktonic stations in the South Eastern Pacific Ocean during three different expeditions, is presented quantitatively. The material from the cruises IFOP-01 (October–December, 1964) and IFOP-04 (November–December, 1965) was collected by vertical closing net, at regular intervals, from 2000 and 1000 m depth, respectively; the R.V. “A. Bruun” Cruise 13 data include vertical samples at usual depth intervals from 3000 m (see Table 12), Isaac-Kidd Midwater Trawl (IKMT) and surface collections. They allowed us to identify, for the first time, the meso and bathypelagic species of this region and to extend the longitudinal distribution of the epipelagic species, which had been previously limited to the coastal areas. Among the epiplanktonic species, it was shown that two, Sagitta serratodentata and S. bipunctata, do not penetrate into the Peru Coastal Current region, where the endemic S. bierri is to be found extending westwards to the west boundary of the Peru Coastal Current, and that both mesopelagic species, previously reported for the epipelagic level of this area, S. decipiens and Eukrohnia hamata, inhabit the upper mesopelagic level in the oceanic region, but also rise to the epipelagic level near the coast, where upwellings do occur. The lower mesopelagic levels (500 to 1000 m) are occupied by E. fowleri and S. macrocephala, this latter species being reported for the first time in the South Eastern Pacific Ocean. The other mesopelagic species, S. zetesios and S. bathypelagica, also found for the first time in this region, were not found in large enough numbers to obtain a correct view of their stratification. Eukrohnia bathyantarctica, described for the Southern Ocean and previously reported only in the bathypelagic levels of the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea, was found at only bathypelagic levels. The faunistic data from the R.V. “A. Bruun” Cruise 13, were compared with the corresponding hydrographical profiles.
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Communicated by J.A. Petersen, São Paulo
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Fagetti, E. Bathymetric distribution of chaetognaths in the South Eastern Pacific Ocean. Marine Biology 17, 7–29 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00346951
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00346951