Abstract
Three test-series were applied, which differed in regard to the basal medium (natural or artificial sea water, salinity level, addition of detergent); the culture conditions (primary cultures, subcultures, back-inoculations into basal medium without toxic metals); the criterion employed (zoospore activity, sporangia development, or dry weight of Thraustochytrium striatum Schneider). The temperature applied was 18° to 20°C. The sea water-pollen-method (MWP) proved to be the most suitable: it is simple and more sensitive than the other tests; subcultures and back-inoculations are possible without much additional work; conditions simulate nature; first results are available after 3 to 4 days. The SMS-method (enriched natural sea water of different salinities) provides additional information on salinity effects. Nine substances have been tested: (CH3COO)3Hg, HgCl2, CdCl2·H2O, ZnSO4 ·7H2O, NiSO4·7H2O, CuSO4·5H2O, CoCl2·6H2O, MnCl2 ·4H2O, and phenol. In regard to their toxicity these substances can be divided into 2 groups: Hg- and Cd-salts inhibit development down to greater dilutions than the remainder; Zn and Ni seem to yield intermediate effects. Salinity modifies the toxic effects of the test substances. In higher salinities, comparable concentrations of test substances reveal stronger inhibitory effects than in lower salinities. Detergents may augment the toxic effects, at least of CuSO4. The marine lower fungus T. striatum is a useful organism for testing biological consequences of water pollutants.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Zitierte literatur
Belsky, M. M. and S. Goldstein: Glucose metabolism of Thraustochytrium roseum, a nonfilamentous marine phycomycete. Arch. Mikrobiol. 49, 375–382 (1964).
Booth, Th. and C. E. Miller: Comparative morphologic and taxonomic studies in the genus Thraustochytrium. Mycologia 60, 480–495 (1968).
Cavalli-Sforza, L.: Biometrie. Stuttgart: G. Fischer Verlag 1969.
Gaertner, A.: Ökologische Untersuchungen an einem marinen Pilz aus der Umgebung von Helgoland. Helgoländer wiss. Meeresunters. 15, 182–192 (1967).
—: Marine niedere Pilze in Nordsee und Nordatlantik. Ber. dt bot. Ges. 82, 287–306 (1969).
—: Einiges zur Kultur mariner niederer Pilze. Helgoländer wiss. Meeresunters. 20, 29–38 (1970).
Goldstein, S.: Morphological variation and nutrition of a new monocentric marine fungus. Arch. Mikrobiol. 45, 101–110 (1963a).
—: Studies of a new species of Thraustochytrium that displays light stimulated growth. Mycologia 55, 799–811 (1963b).
—: Development and nutrition of new species of Thraustochytrium. Am. J. Bot. 50, 271–279 (1963c).
Schneider, J.: Ein neuer mariner Phycomycet aus der Kieler Bucht (Thraustochytrium striatum sp. nov.). Kieler Meeresforsch. 23, 16–20 (1967).
—: Über niedere Pilze der westlichen Ostsee. Ber. dt. bot. Ges. 81, 369–374 (1969a).
—: Taxonomie, Verbreitung und Ökologie einiger mariner Phycomyceten. Kieler Meeresforsch. 25, 316–327 (1969b).
Schneider, J.: Niedere Pilze. In: Chemische, mikrobiologische und planktologische Untersuchungen in der Schlei im Hinblick auf deren Abwasserbelastung. Kieler Meeresforsch. 26, 173–178 (1970).
—: Niedere Pilze aus Bodenproben des Brack-und Meerwassers der englischen Westküste. Kieler Meeresforsch. 27, 94–101 (1971).
Sparrow, F. K.: Zoosporic marine fungi from the Pacific Northwest (USA). Arch. Mikrobiol. 66, 129–146 (1969).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Communicated by O. Kinne, Hamburg
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Schneider, J. Niedere pilze als testorganismen für schadstoffe in meer- und brackwasser die wirkung von schwermetallverbindungen und phenol auf Thraustochytrium striatum . Marine Biology 16, 214–225 (1972). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00346944
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00346944