Abstract
A gram-negative, rod-shaped, gas-vacuolate, aerobic, heterotrophic bacterium was isolated from Spirit Lake, Washington. It was further characterized by phase-contrast and electron microscopy and phenotypic tests. The isolate does not utilize carbohydrates. Deoxyribonucleic acid-ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) hybridizations showed that this bacterium is a member of rRNA superfamily IV where it occupies a separate position on the Azorhizobium caulinodans rRNA sub-branch which, is part of an rRNA cluster containing also the Beijerinckia, the Bradyrhizobium japonicum and the Rhodopseudomonas palustris sub-branches. Its relationship to other gas-vacuolated genera within rRNA superfamily IV is discussed. A new genus Aquabacter with one species Aquabacter spiritensis is proposed. The type strain is strain SPL-1 (=ATCC 43981=LMG 8611).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
CaldwellDE, TiedjeJM (1975) A morphological study of anaerobic bacteria from the hypolimnia of two Michigan Lakes. Can J Microbiol 21:362–376
Cohen-BazireG, KunisawaR, PfennigN (1969) Comparative study of the structure of gas vacuoles. J Bacteriol 100: 1049–1061
DeLeyJ (1970) Reexamination of the association between melting point, buoyant density, and chemical base composition of deoxyribonucleic acid. J Bacteriol 101:738–754
DeLeyJ, DeSmedtJ (1977) Intra- and intergeneric similarities of Agrobacterium ribosomal ribonucleic acid cistrons. Int J Syst Bacteriol 27:222–240
DeLeyJ, SegersP, KerstersK, MannheimW, LievensA (1986) Intra- and intergeneric similarities of the Bordetella ribosomal ribonucleic acid cistrons: proposal for a new family Alcaligenaceae. Int J Syst Bacteriol 36:405–414
DeLeyJ, VanMuylemJ (1963) Some applications of deoxyribonucleic acid base composition in bacterial taxonomy. A. v. Leeuwenhoek J Microbiol Serol 29:344–358
DeVosP, VanLandschootA, SegersP, TytgatR, GillisM, BauwensM, RossauR, GoortM, PotB, KerstersK, LizzaragaP, DeLeyJ (1989) Genotypic relationships and taxonomic localization of unclassified Pseudomonas and Pseudomonas-like strains by deoxyribonucleic acid: ribosomal ribonucleic acid hybridizations. Int J Syst Bacteriol 39:35–49
DreyfusB, GarciaJL, GillisM (1988) Characterization of Azorhizobium caulinodans gen. nov., sp. nov., a stem-nodulating nitrogen-fixing bacterium isolated from Sesbania rostrata. Int J Syst Bacteriol 38:89–98
GreenP, GillisM (1989) Classification of Pseudomonas aminovorans and some related methylated amine utilizing bacteria. J Gen Microbiol 135:2071–2076
HirschP, PankratzSH (1970) Study of bacterial populations in natural environments by use of submerged electron microscope grids. Z Allg Mikrobiol 10:589–605
IrgensRL (1977) Meniscus, a new genus of aerotolerant, gas-vacuolated bacteria. Int J Syst Bacteriol 27:38–43
JenniR, AragnoM, WiegelJKW (1987) Numerical analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization studies on Xanthobacter and emendation of Xanthobacter flavus. Syst Appl Microbiol 9:247–253
JenniR, AragnoM (1987) Xanthobacter agilis sp. nov., a motile dinitrogen-fixing, hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium. Syst Appl Microbiol 9:254–257
Krasil'nikovNA, DudaVI, PivovarovGE (1971) Characteristics of the cell structure of soil anaerobic bacteria forming vesicular caps on their spores. Microbiology (USSR transl) 40:592–597
LaraJC, KonopkaA (1987) Isolation of motile variants from gasvacuolate strains of Ancylobacter aquaticus. J Gen Microbiol 133:1489–1494
MarmurJ (1961) A procedure for the isolation of deoxyribonucleic acid from micro-organisms. J Mol Biol 3:208–218
MarmurJ, DotyP (1962) Determination of the base composition of deoxyribonucleic acid from its thermal denaturation temperature. J Mol Biol 5:109–118
MatchesJL, ListonJ (1973) Temperature-gradient incubator for the growth of clostridia. Can J Microbiol 19:1161–1165
RajHD (1983) Proposal of Ancylobacter gen. nov. as a substitute for the bacterial genus Microcyclus Orskov 1928. Int J Syst Bacteriol 33:397–398
RotheB, FischerA, HirschP, SittigM, StackebrandtE (1987) The phylogenetic position of the budding bacteria Blastobacter aggregatus and Gemmobacter aquatilis gen. nov., sp. nov. Arch Microbiol 147:92–99
StackebrandtE, FischerA, RoggentinT, WehmeyerU, BomarD, SmidaJ (1988a) A phylogenetic survey of budding, and/or prosthecate, non-phototrophic eubacteria: membership of Hyphomicrobium, Hyphomonas, Pedomicrobium, Filomicrobium, Caulobacter, and “Dichotomicrobium” to the alpha subdivision of purple non-sulfur bacteria. Arch Microbiol 149:547–556
StackebrandtER, MurrayGE, TrüperHG (1988b) Proteobacteria classis nov., a name for the phylogenetic taxon that includes the “purple bacteria and their relatives”. Int J Syst Bacteriol 38:321–325
StaleyJT (1968) Prosthecomicrobium and Ancalomicrobium: new prosthecate freshwater bacteria. J Bacteriol 95:1921–1942
StaleyJT (1981) The genera Prosthecomicrobium and Ancalomicrobium. In: StarrMP, StolpH, TruperHG, BalowsA, SchlegelHG (eds) The prokaryotes. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 456–460
StaleyJT, IrgensRC, BrennerDJ (1987) Enhydrobacter aerosaccus, gen. nov., sp. nov., a gas vacuolated, facultatively anaerobic heterotrophic rod. Int J Syst Bacteriol 37:289–291
VanErtM, StaleyJT (1971a) Gas-vacuolated strains of Microcyclus aquaticus. J Bacteriol 108:236–240
VanErtM, StaleyJT (1971b) A new gas vacuolated heterotrophic rod from freshwaters. Arch Microbiol 80:70–77
VanNeervenARW, StaleyJT (1988) Mixed acid fermentation by the budding, prosthecate, gas-vacuolate bacterium Ancalomicrobium adetum. Arch Microbiol 149:335–338
VasilyevaLV (1985) Stella, a new genus of soil prosthecomicrobia, with proposals for Stella humosa sp. nov. and Stella vacuolate sp. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 35:518–521
WalsbyAE (1974) The identification of gas vacuoles and their abundance in the hypolimnetic bacteria of Arco Lake, Minnesota. Microbiol Ecol 1:51–61
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Irgens, R.L., Kersters, K., Segers, P. et al. Aquabacter spiritensis, gen. nov., sp. nov. an aerobic, gas-vacuolate aquatic bacterium. Arch. Microbiol. 155, 137–142 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00248607
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00248607