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Cell cycle kinetics responses of human stomach cancer cells to reduction in polyamine levels by treatment with αDifluoromethylornithine in vitro

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Abstract

Treatment of human gastric cancer clones in vitro with low doses of DFMO (5 mM) produced elongation of the cell population doubling times and lowering of the saturation densities. By contrast, DFMO treatment of normal human skin fibroblasts altered only the saturation density. The lack of an effect of 5 mM DFMO on the doubling time of normal fibroblasts may be directly related to baseline intracellular putrescine levels, which were about 2.5 times higher than in the cancer cells. The same dose of DFMO caused a rapid decrease in intracellular polyamine levels in the tumor clones. The effects on the doubling time and saturation density were almost totally abolished by the addition of 50 μM putrescine to the growth medium during the first 24 h of treatment with DFMO. Exposure to 5 mM DFMO for 24 h caused the human gastric cancer cells to become blocked in G1 phase only, and this led to a reduction in the fraction of cells in S phase. The G1 block was reversible and this cohort of cells eventually passed through S phase and then through G2 and M.

A higher 100 mM dose of DFMO and longer exposure times for both doses produced cell cycle changes and death of more than 90% of the cell population. These data suggest that cell kinetics changes observed under these experimental conditions may reflect polyamine-related alterations in the biochemical events of cell cycle progression kinetics; but may also be the result of DFMO-induced loss of cell viability.

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Abbreviations

DFMO:

α-Difluoromethylornithine

ODC:

ornithine decarboxylase

ARA C:

cytosine arabinosidede

MGBG:

methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiation Therapy, Eastern Medical School, 23507, Norfolk, Virginia, USA

    S. C. Barranco Ph.D.

  2. Division of Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Walls Medical Research Foundation, 310 Gail Borden Building D11, 77550, Galveston, Texas, USA

    P. J. Ford

  3. Department of Surgery, Division of Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, 310 GailBorden Building D11, 77550, Galveston, Texas, USA

    C. M. Townsend Jr

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  1. S. C. Barranco Ph.D.
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  3. C. M. Townsend Jr
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Barranco, S.C., Ford, P.J. & Townsend, C.M. Cell cycle kinetics responses of human stomach cancer cells to reduction in polyamine levels by treatment with αDifluoromethylornithine in vitro. Invest New Drugs 4, 347–357 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00173507

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