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Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering

, Volume 44, Issue 1, pp 189–197 | Cite as

\(\hbox {SnO}_{x}\)-Impregnated Clinoptilolite for Efficient Mercury Removal from Liquid Hydrocarbon

  • Eny KusriniEmail author
  • Anwar UsmanEmail author
  • Jaka Wibowo
Research Article - Chemistry
First Online:
  • 21 Downloads

Abstract

The present study investigates \(\hbox {SnO}_{x}\)-impregnated clinoptilolite, which is zeolite belonging to the heulandite family, for developing efficient adsorbent for mercury removal from liquid hydrocarbon. Adsorption experiments were carried out in batch method, and the effects of adsorbent dosage and contact time on the adsorption properties of mercury were investigated. We demonstrated that the \(\hbox {SnO}_{x}\)-impregnated clinoptilolite removed the mercury from liquid hydrocarbon with high efficiency, where the maximum capacity was 0.93 ng/g, higher compared with the natural clinoptilolite (0.43 ng/g). Structure and morphology analysis also showed that \(\hbox {SnO}_{x}\) was coated on the surface of clinoptilolite, resulting in rougher surface and smaller pore size and volume than those of natural clinoptilolite. Speciation of mercury indicated that the most removed species was organomercury (67.3%), and its removal efficiency increased with the adsorbent dosage. The isotherm analysis revealed that adsorption mechanism was governed by pseudo-second-order kinetics, indicating that the adsorption was a chemical adsorption process due to electrostatic attractions. This finding suggested that clinoptilolite/\(\hbox {SnO}_{x}\) was promising adsorbents for organomercury removal from liquid hydrocarbon.

Keywords

Adsorption \(\hbox {SnO}_{x}\) impregnation Clinoptilolite Liquid hydrocarbon Organomercury 
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Notes

Acknowledgements

The authors greatly acknowledge the Universitas Indonesia as financial support through “Competitive Grant for International Publications” No. 2529/UN2.R12/HKP.05.00/2016. This article’s publication is partially supported by the PPUPT grant No. 493/UN2.R3.1/HKP05.00/2018. We would also like to thank DR. Yoki Yulizar for providing clinoptilolite zeolites. The referee is greatly acknowledged for his/her critical and detailed comments as well as his/her suggestive discussions which are useful and helpful to improve this manuscript.

Supplementary material

13369_2018_3386_MOESM1_ESM.docx (69 kb)
Supplementary material 1 (docx 69 KB)

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Copyright information

© King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2018

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas IndonesiaDepokIndonesia
  2. 2.Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Brunei DarussalamGadongNegara Brunei Darussalam

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