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Mindfulness

, Volume 10, Issue 10, pp 1997–2009 | Cite as

Effect of Mindfulness-Based Relapse Prevention on Impulsivity Trajectories Among Young Adults in Residential Substance Use Disorder Treatment

  • Jordan P. DavisEmail author
  • Nicholas Barr
  • Emily R. Dworkin
  • Tara M. Dumas
  • Benjamin Berey
  • Graham DiGuiseppi
  • Baruch Rael Cahn
ORIGINAL PAPER
First Online:

Abstract

Objectives

Impulsivity has been identified as an important construct in predicting the initiation and maintenance of substance use among at-risk populations. Interventions emphasizing mindfulness strategies appear particularly promising in reducing substance use and marking change in various aspects of impulsivity.

Methods

The current study used a rolling group mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP) intervention for young adults in residential substance use disorder treatment. We examined change in impulsivity facets measured by the S-UPPS for youth randomly assigned to MBRP (n = 45) versus those assigned to treatment as usual plus 12 step/self-help (n = 34). We also examined how change in impulsivity mediated changes in substance use post-treatment.

Results

In general, results indicated that MBRP is effective at reducing facets of trait impulsivity in treatment-seeking individuals with SUDs. Only positive and negative urgency mediated the relation between treatment assignment and substance use.

Conclusions

MBRP is a viable and useful intervention for young adults in residential treatment for substance use disorders and can aid in marked change in facets of impulsivity. Both positive and negative urgency were significant mechanisms of change in reducing substance use following treatment. Results are discussed focused on the utility of MRBP as a clinical intervention for at-risk, marginalized, and young adults.

Keywords

Addiction treatment Mindfulness Drug use Impulsivity Self-regulation Emotion regulation 
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Notes

Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the National Institute on Drug Abuse (Grant Number: 1R36DA041538; PI: Davis), the Fahs-Beck Fund for Research and Experimentation (PI: Davis), and the Campus Research Board (Grant Number: RB15434; PI: Roberts) for funding the current study. Manuscript preparation was supported in part by a grant from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (Grant Number: K99AA026317; PI: Dworkin). We want to thank our research assistants Emily Hartung and Samantha Allen for their help with data collection and data entry. We would also like to thank our community partner for their continued support.

Authors’ Contributions

JD: conceptualized the study, carried out statistical analyses, interpreted results, and drafted the manuscript. NB: helped with interpretation of results and drafted the intro and discussion. ED: drafted parts of the discussion and edited the entire manuscript. TM: edited the manuscript, aided in interpretation of results, and drafted parts of the intro and discussion. GD: contributed to the literature review, citation management, and editing of the manuscript. BRC: edited manuscript and provided feedback on clinical importance.

Compliance with Ethical Standards

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical Approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Ethics were approved from the University of Illinois IRB.

Informed Consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Department of Children, Youth, and Families Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social WorkUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUSA
  2. 2.Center for the Study of Health and Risk BehaviorsUniversity of WashingtonSeattleUSA
  3. 3.Department of PsychologyHuron University College at Western UniversityLondonCanada
  4. 4.Department of Health Education and BehaviorUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleUSA
  5. 5.Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Brain and Creativity Institute, USC Center for Mindfulness ScienceUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesUSA

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