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Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences

, Volume 11, Issue 2, pp 609–625 | Cite as

In situ non-invasive characterization of pigments and alteration products on the masonry altar of S. Maria ad Undas (Idro, Italy)

  • Lavinia de Ferri
  • Francesca Mazzini
  • Davide Vallotto
  • Giulio PojanaEmail author
Original Paper
First Online:
  • 75 Downloads

Abstract

A non-invasive characterization study has been performed and here presented for the first time on the masonry altar of S. Maria ad Undas, a parish medieval church on the Idro (Brescia, Italy) lakeshore. The determination of painting materials and of alteration products represent the one of the first steps, together with art history studies, of a wider project aimed to the valorization of the site. Images collected under UV light in fluorescence and reflectance mode provided useful information about the presence of organic residual materials attributable to the application of lost gilding details, while the readability of some particulars was greatly improved with respect to what observable in visible light. Moreover, near infrared (NIR) images led to hypothesize the presence of green earths in green painted areas. Raman and reflectance spectroscopy allowed the identification of the pigments and of several alteration products, such as plattnerite, which derived by the degradation of the lead-based ones, hydromagnesite, gypsum, and niter, as well as of carbon-based depositions.

Keywords

Raman spectroscopy Multispectral imaging Medieval pigments Wall paintings 
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Notes

Acknowledgements

Authors are grateful to Mgr. F. Pellegrini (Diocese of Brescia) for allowing access and carrying out the investigation and to Dr. M. Vallotti (Catholic University of Brescia). Authors are also indebted to Prof. P.P. Lottici (Department of Mathematical, Physical and Computer Sciences, University of Parma, Italy) for providing the Plattnerite standard.

Funding information

Authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of Madatec srl (Pessano con Bornago, MI, Italy) in the present investigation.

Supplementary material

12520_2017_550_Fig15_ESM.gif (261 kb)
Online resource 1.

S. Maria ad Undas, Idro: a West and South sides; b East side: semicircular apse and bell tower. (GIF 261 kb)

12520_2017_550_MOESM1_ESM.tif (24.6 mb)
High-resolution image (TIFF 25226 kb)
12520_2017_550_Fig16_ESM.jpg (333 kb)
Online resource 2. S. Maria ad Undas, Idro, inner part: a single nave and transverse arches; b the abse and the altar (JPEG 333 KB)
12520_2017_550_MOESM2_ESM.wmv (183.7 mb)
Online resource 3. S. Maria ad Undas Church 3D rendering (WMV 188104 kb)
12520_2017_550_Fig17_ESM.jpg (1018 kb)
Online resource 4. Masonry altar in the S. Maria ad Undas church, Idro. Detail of the Christogram. (JPEG 1018 kb)
12520_2017_550_Fig18_ESM.gif (333 kb)
Online resource 5.

S. Maria ad Undas Altar and Saints attributed names. (GIF 333 kb)

12520_2017_550_MOESM3_ESM.tif (28.1 mb)
High-resolution image (TIFF 28778 kb)

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© Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany 2017

Authors and Affiliations

  • Lavinia de Ferri
    • 1
  • Francesca Mazzini
    • 1
  • Davide Vallotto
    • 1
  • Giulio Pojana
    • 1
    Email author
  1. 1.Department of Philosophy and Cultural HeritageCa’ Foscari University of VeniceVeniceItaly

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