Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

The Expression and Significance of the Plasma Let-7 Family in Anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate Receptor Encephalitis

  • Published:
Journal of Molecular Neuroscience Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The study aimed to investigate the expression and significance of the plasma let-7 family in anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. Blood samples from 5 anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients and 5 negative controls were collected for microarray analysis. Blood samples from10 anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients, 10 anti-NMDAR encephalitis patients whose physical conditions have improved after 3 months of immunotherapy, 20 virus (meningitis) encephalitis patients, 20 tuberculosis (meningitis) encephalitis patients, 10 purulent (meningitis) encephalitis patients, 20 cerebral cysticercosis patients, 20 ischemic stroke patients, 20 intracerebral hemorrhage patients, 15 neuromyelitis optica patients, 15 multiple sclerosis patients, 15 moyamoya disease patients, and 20 negative controls were collected for real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis. The expression levels of let-7a, let-7b, let-7d, and let-7f were significantly down-regulated in anti-NMDAR encephalitis compared with the negative controls (NC). The expression levels of let-7a, let-7d, and let-7f were significantly down-regulated in other nervous system diseases compared with the NC group while the expression level of let-7b was statistically insignificant in other nervous system diseases compared with the NC group. In addition, there was no significant dysregulation of let-7b in the anti-NMDAR encephalitis treatment group compared with the NC. Let-7b may be a potential diagnostic marker and an indicator that reflected the molecular mechanism of anti-NMDAR encephalitis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bao MH, Feng X, Zhang YW et al (2013) Let-7 in cardiovascular diseases, heart development and cardiovascular differentiation from stem cells. Int J Mol Sci 14(11):23086–23102

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bernis ME, Oksdath M, Dupraz S et al (2013) Wingless-type family member 3A triggers neuronal polarization via cross-activation of the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor pathway. Front Cell Neurosci 7:194

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chapman MR, Vause HE (2011) Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis: diagnosis, psychiatric presentation, and treatment. Am J Psychiatry 168(3):245–251

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dalmau J, Tuzun E, Wu HY et al (2007) Paraneoplastic anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis associated with ovarian teratoma. Ann Neurol 61(1):25–36

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dalmau J, Gleichman AJ, Hughes EG et al (2008) Anti-NMDA-receptor encephalitis: case series and analysis of the effects of antibodies. Lancet Neurol 7(12):1091–1098

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dalmau J, Lancaster E, Martinez-Hernandez E et al (2011) Clinical experience and laboratory investigations in patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Lancet Neurol 10(1):63–74

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Evoli A, Spinelli P, Frisullo G et al (2012) Spontaneous recovery from anti-NMDAR encephalitis. J Neurol 259(9):1964–1966

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gable MS, Sheriff H, Dalmau J et al (2012) The frequency of autoimmune N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis surpasses that of individual viral etiologies in young individuals enrolled in the California encephalitis project. Clin Infect Dis 54(7):899–904

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gao Y, Meng H, Liu S, et al (2014) LncRNA-HOST2 regulates cell biological behaviors in epithelial ovarian cancer through a mechanism involving microRNA let-7b. Hum Mol Genet Oct 6 [Epub ahead of print]

  • Guo L, Zhao RC, Wu Y (2011) The role of microRNAs in self-renewal and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. Exp Hematol 39(6):608–616

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Guo Y, Yan KP, Fang JS et al (2013) Let-7b expression determines response to chemotherapy through the regulation of cyclin D1 in glioblastoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 32(1):1–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hou W, Tian Q, Steuerwald NM, Schrum LW et al (2012) The let-7 microRNA enhances heme oxygenase-1 by suppressing Bach1 and attenuates oxidant injury in human hepatocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta 1819(11–12):1113–1122

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Inui M, Martello G, Piccolo S (2010) MicroRNA control of signal transduction. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 11(4):252–263

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Irani SR, Bera K, Waters P et al (2010) N-methyl-d-aspartate antibody encephalitis: temporal progression of clinical and paraclinical observations in a predominantly non-paraneoplastic disorder of both sexes. Brain 133(6):1655–1667

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jiang L, Liu XQ, Chen ZJ et al (2010) MicroRNA-7 targets IGF1R (insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor) in tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells. Biochem J 432:199–205

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jin XF, Wu N, Wang L, Li J (2013) Circulating microRNAs: a novel class of potential biomarkers for diagnosing and prognosing central nervous system diseases. Cell Mol Neurobiol 33(5):601–613

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kang W, Tong JH, Lung RW et al (2014) let-7b/g silencing activates AKT signaling to promote gastric carcinogenesis. J Transl Med 12:281

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kehoe LA, Bernardinelli Y, Muller D (2013) GluN3A: an NMDA receptor subunit with exquisite properties and functions. Neural Plast 2013:145387

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kim DJ, Linnstaedt S, Palma J et al (2012) Plasma components affect accuracy of circulating cancer-related microRNA quantitation. J Mol Diagn 14(1):71–80

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Laine SK, Hentunen T, Laitala-Leinonen T (2012) Do microRNAs regulate bone marrow stem cell niche physiology? Gene 497(1):1–9

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lehmann SM, Kruger C, Park B et al (2012) An unconventional role for miRNA: let-7 activates Toll-like receptor 7 and causes neurodegeneration. Nat Neurosci 15(6):827–835

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Li YF, Peng T, Wang XH et al (2014) A primary study on down-regulated miR-9-1 and its biological significances in methylmalonic acidemia. J Mol Neurosci 53(2):280–286

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Long GW, Wang F, Li HP et al (2013) Circulating miR-30a, miR-126 and let-7b as biomarker for ischemic stroke in humans. BMC Neurol 13(1):1––22

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Malter MP, Elger CE, Surges R (2013) Diagnostic value of CSF findings in antibody-associated limbic and anti-NMDAR-encephalitis. Seizure 22(2):136–140

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marson A, Levine SS, Cole MF et al (2008) Connecting microRNA genes to the core transcriptional regulatory circuitry of embryonic stem cells. Cell 134(3):521–533

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Melton C, Judson RL, Blelloch R (2010) Opposing microRNA families regulate self-renewal in mouse embryonic stem cells. Nature 463(7281):621–626

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miya K, Takahashi Y, Mori H (2014) Anti-NMDAR autoimmune encephalitis. Brain Dev 36(8):645–652

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nikaki A, Piperi C, Papavassiliou AG (2012) Role of microRNAs in gliomagenesis: targeting miRNAs in glioblastoma multiforme therapy. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 21(10):1475–1488

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nolan B, Plenk K, Carr D (2014) Anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis presenting to the emergency department with status epilepticus. CJEM 16(5):425–428

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Petri R, Malmevik J, Fasching L et al (2014) miRNAs in brain development. Exp Cell Res 321(1):84–89

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Polikepahad S, Knight JM, Naghavi AO et al (2010) Proinflammatory role for let-7 microRNAS in experimental asthma. J Biol Chem 285(39):30139–30149

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pruss H, Dalmau J, Harms L et al (2010) Retrospective analysis of NMDA receptor antibodies in encephalitis of unknown origin. Neurology 75(19):1735–1739

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rijavec M, Korosec P, Zavbi M et al (2014) Let-7a is differentially expressed in bronchial biopsies of patients with severe asthma. Sci Rep 4:6103

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Roush S, Slack FJ (2008) The let-7 family of microRNAs. Trends Cell Biol 18(10):505–516

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schonrock N, Matamales M, Ittner LM et al (2012) MicroRNA networks surrounding APP and amyloid-beta metabolism—implications for Alzheimer’s disease. Exp Neurol 235(2):447–454

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Siebert M, Westbroek W, Chen YC et al (2014) MiRNAs and glucocerebrosidase: lessons from miRNA mimic screening. Mol Genet Metab 111(2):S98–S98

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Solomon A, Mian Y, Ortega-Cava C et al (2008) Upregulation of the let-7 microRNA with precocious development in lin-12/Notch hypermorphic Caenorhabditis elegans mutants. Dev Biol 316(2):191–199

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thornton JE, Gregory RI (2012) How does Lin28 let-7 control development and disease? Trends Cell Biol 22(9):474–482

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tzatsos A, Bardeesy N (2008) Ink4a/Arf regulation by let-7b and Hmga2: a genetic pathway governing stem cell aging. Cell Stem Cell 3(5):469–470

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Valentinis B, Baserga R (2001) IGF-I receptor signalling in transformation and differentiation. Mol Pathol 54(3):133–137

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wang H (2014) Diagnosis and differential diagnosis of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis in children. Chin J Contemp Pediatr 16(6):578–583

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang J, Liu L, Song Z (2013) Clinical profile of anti-NMDAR encephalitis in patients of China. J Neurol Sci 333(Suppl 1):e633

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wulczyn FG, Smirnova L, Rybak A et al (2007) Post-transcriptional regulation of the let-7 microRNA during neural cell specification. FASEB J 21(2):415–426

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Xu D, Tan JX, Zhou M et al (2012) Let-7b and microRNA-199a inhibit the proliferation of B16F10 melanoma cells. Oncol Lett 4(5):941–946

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Xu H, Liu C, Zhang Y, et al (2014) Let-7b-5p regulates proliferation and apoptosis in multiple myeloma by targeting IGF1R. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 965–972

  • Zhao C, Sun GQ, Li SX et al (2010a) MicroRNA let-7b regulates neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation by targeting nuclear receptor TLX signaling. PNAS 107(5):1876–1881

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao JJ, Lin JH, Lwin T et al (2010b) microRNA expression profile and identification of miR-29 as a prognostic marker and pathogenetic factor by targeting CDK6 in mantle cell lymphoma. Blood 115(13):2630–2639

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou Q, Sheng M (2013) NMDA receptors in nervous system diseases. Neuropharmacology 74:69–75

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81071114; 81371385).

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 1st Jian She East Road, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China, 450052

    Jing Zhang, Xiaoge Xu, Shaoyun Zhao, Zhe Gong, Wenjuan Guan, Xia He, Tianshu Wang, Tao Peng, Junfang Teng & Yanjie Jia

  2. Department of Clinical Medicine, Zhengzhou University, 100st Ke Xue Da Road, Zhengzhou, People’s Republic of China

    Peidong Liu

Authors
  1. Jing Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Xiaoge Xu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Shaoyun Zhao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Zhe Gong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Peidong Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Wenjuan Guan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Xia He
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Tianshu Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Tao Peng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Junfang Teng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. Yanjie Jia
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yanjie Jia.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zhang, J., Xu, X., Zhao, S. et al. The Expression and Significance of the Plasma Let-7 Family in Anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate Receptor Encephalitis. J Mol Neurosci 56, 531–539 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-015-0489-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-015-0489-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation