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Establishment of a high-frequency plant regeneration system from rhizome-derived embryogenic cell-suspension cultures of Curcuma longa L.

  • Eun Yee Jie
  • Myung Suk Ahn
  • Jiyoung Lee
  • Ye In Cheon
  • Cha Young Kim
  • Suk Weon KimEmail author
Original Article
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Abstract

We developed an efficient plant regeneration technique for turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) via somatic embryogenesis derived from embryogenic cell suspensions cultured from petioles. We initiated in vitro callus cultures from the plantlets of turmeric cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. Then leaf, petiole, stem, and root explants of in vitro-grown plantlets were cultured on Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH). The stem and root explants formed white nodular calluses at a frequency of 86.7% and 85.8%, respectively, when cultured on SH medium; however, we used the calluses derived from the root explants for initiating a cell-suspension culture. In this study, the actively growing cell suspension culture comprised small, highly cytoplasmic cell aggregates and large vacuolated cells. On being transferred to a basal SH medium (without growth regulators), a few of these calluses differentiated into somatic embryos, which indicated that the initial calluses were embryogenic cells. We stimulated additional shoot differentiation by adding 0.5 mg L−1N-phenyl-N′-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl urea (TDZ) and various concentrations of N6-benzyladenine (BA) to the embryogenic cell suspension. The highest frequency at which shoot primordia developed from embryogenic cell clusters was 70% (when cultured in the dark on the supplemented MS medium), with more than 83.3% of regenerated shoot primordia producing roots. We successfully transplanted rooted plantlets into a soil mixture of sterile vermiculite and potting soil (1:1) and grew them to maturity in a growth chamber, achieving a survival rate of > 95%. To our knowledge, this is the first report of complete plant regeneration of turmeric from embryogenic cell-suspension cultures. The embryogenic cell line and plant regeneration system established in this study can be applied to mass proliferation and gene manipulation for improving turmeric quality.

Keywords

Cell-suspension culture Plant regeneration Rhizome somatic embryogenesis Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) 

Abbreviations

2,4-D

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

BA

N6-benzyladenine

MS

Murashige and Skoog medium

NAA

a-Naphthaleneacetic acid

pCPA

p-Chlorophenoxyacetic acid

SH

Schenk and Hildebrandt medium

TDZ

Thidiazuron

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Notes

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by a grant from the KRIBB Research Initiative Program (KGM5281812).

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Copyright information

© Korean Society for Plant Biotechnology 2019

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Biological Resource CenterKorea Research Institute of Bioscience and BiotechnologyJeongeup-siSouth Korea
  2. 2.Floriculture Research DivisionNational Institute of Horticultural and Herbal ScienceWanju-gunSouth Korea
  3. 3.Toolgen IncGeumcheon-guSouth Korea

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