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Effect of foliar spray of zinc on chloroplast β-carbonic anhydrase expression and enzyme activity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) leaves

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Abstract

The β-carbonic anhydrase (β-CA) is regarded as a zinc-containing enzyme involved in photosynthesis. Here, the rice plants of cv. N22 were treated with foliar spray at a Zn2+ concentration range from 0–35.0 mM during the tillering stage. The β-CA expression in the treated leaves was quantitatively determined by RT-qPCR and gel-based immunoblotting techniques, and its enzyme activity and relative chlorophyll concentration were measured. Results indicated that exogenous zinc could benefit rice plants at the tillering stage, particularly chloroplast β-CA with a fourfold enhancement in gene expression and a 14.6 % increase in its activity by treating the rice leaves with the 7.0-mM Zn2+ concentration, thereby promoting photosynthesis by a 19.4 % increase in relative chlorophyll concentration per unit leaf area. Results also showed that the application of Zn2+ at a concentration exceeding 7.0 mM could result in leaf senescence, and in some cases leaf hurts with significant inactivation (decreasing by approximately 70 %) of β-CA enzyme. It could be concluded that the application of 7.0-mM Zn2+ benefits rice plants at the tillering stage. The β-CA activity was associated with the catalytic microenvironment, thus providing an indicator for physiological response to exogenous zinc in rice.

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Abbreviations

AA:

Amino acid

CA:

Carbonic anhydrase

CBB:

Coomassie Brilliant Blue

CO2 :

Carbon dioxide

HCO3 − :

Bicarbonate

MW:

Molecular weight

PEPC:

Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase

Rubisco:

Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase

SDS-PAGE:

Sodium dodecyl sulphate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

RT-qPCR:

Quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction

Zn2+ :

Zinc ion

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31371600), the Hubei Province Natural Science Foundation (2011CDB142), and the key project of Hubei Province Natural Science Foundation (2012DBA03001).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China

    Xing Qiao, Ying He, Zhenmei Wang, Xin Li, Kaiyue Zhang & Hanlai Zeng

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  1. Xing Qiao
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  2. Ying He
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  3. Zhenmei Wang
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  4. Xin Li
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  5. Kaiyue Zhang
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  6. Hanlai Zeng
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hanlai Zeng.

Additional information

Communicated by Z. Miszalski.

X. Qiao and Y. He contributed equally to this work.

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Qiao, X., He, Y., Wang, Z. et al. Effect of foliar spray of zinc on chloroplast β-carbonic anhydrase expression and enzyme activity in rice (Oryza sativa L.) leaves. Acta Physiol Plant 36, 263–272 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-013-1407-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-013-1407-6

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