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Prenatal exposure to organophosphate pesticides, maternal paraoxonase 1 genotype, and childhood neurodevelopment at 24 months of age in Shandong, China

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Abstract

Prenatal organophosphate pesticide (OP) exposure was reported to negatively affect childhood neurodevelopment. Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is a key enzyme in the metabolism of OPs and may affect an individual’s susceptibility to OP exposure. However, little is known about its role in the associations of prenatal OP exposure and childhood neurodevelopment. We measured dimethylphosphate (DM), diethylphosphate (DE), and total dialkylphosphate (DAP) metabolites in maternal urine (n = 436) as well as PON1–108C/T and PON1192Q/R genotypes in maternal blood (n = 244). We assessed the modifying effects of maternal PON1–108C/T and PON1192Q/R genotypes on relationships between prenatal OP exposure and developmental quotients (DQs) in 24-month-old children in Shandong, China (n = 172). Among children of mothers carrying PON1–108CC, a tenfold increase in prenatal DMs was associated with a 5.72-point decrease in social domain DQ scores. Among children of mothers carrying PON1192QQ, a tenfold increase in prenatal DMs and DAPs were associated with a 7.68- and 7.67-point decrease in gross motor domain DQ scores, respectively. Among children of mothers carrying PON1192QQ, a tenfold increase in prenatal DMs, DEs, and DAPs were associated with a 7.52-, 9.07-, and 9.60-point decrease in social domain DQ scores, respectively. Maternal PON1 genotype might modify the associations between prenatal OP exposure and children’s neurodevelopment at 24 months of age.

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Abbreviations

OP :

organophosphate pesticide

PON1 :

Paraoxonase 1

DAP :

dialkylphosphate

DQ :

developmental quotient

GDS :

Gesell Developmental Schedules

LWBC :

Laizhou Wan Birth Cohort

IQ :

intelligence quotient

GC-MS :

gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

DMP :

dimethylphosphate

DMTP :

dimethylthiophosphate

DMDTP :

dimethyldithiophosphate

DEP :

diethylphosphate

DETP :

iethylthiophosphate

DEDTP :

diethyldithiophosphate

LOD :

imit of detection

BMI :

pre-pregnancy body mass index

WISC-IV :

Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.81803185, 81630085, 81872629, 81773387, 81602823), National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2017YFC1600500, 2016YFC1000203), Scientific research program of Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning (201840180, 201640174), and the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (17ZR1415800).

We thank the Department of Environmental Health staff, students, participants, and hospital partners.

This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Xin Hua Hospital, affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.

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Author notes

  1. Yiwen Wang

    Present address: Department of Neonatology, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

  2. Yan Zhang

    Present address: Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

  3. Yiwen Wang and Yan Zhang contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. MOE and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children’s Environmental Health, Xin Hua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China

    Yiwen Wang & Ying Tian

  2. Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

    Lin Ji, Yijun Zhou, Rong Shi, Yu Gao & Ying Tian

  3. Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan

    Michihiro Kamijima

  4. Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Sciences, Field of Radiological and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, 461-8673, Japan

    Jun Ueyama

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Wang, Y., Zhang, Y., Ji, L. et al. Prenatal exposure to organophosphate pesticides, maternal paraoxonase 1 genotype, and childhood neurodevelopment at 24 months of age in Shandong, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 1969–1977 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06740-4

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