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Metal distribution in sediments of a drinking water reservoir: influence of reservoir morphometry and hydrodynamics

  • Lin Zhu
  • Tianxiang Wang
  • Jianwei LiuEmail author
  • Shiguo Xu
  • Xiaoqiang Chen
  • Xin Jiang
Research Article
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Abstract

Metal(loid)s in the reservoir sediment tend to be released into the water column when encountering disturbances and thus pose threats to the aquatic system. In this study, sediment and pore water samples collected from eight cross sections in the Biliu River Reservoir (Dalian, China) were analyzed to determine the spatial distributions of six metal(loid)s and their associations with reservoir morphometry and hydrodynamics. The results show that total metal concentrations of the sediments are higher at the sites with greater water depths and are influenced by the reservoir morphometry. Mn is of great concern with respect to its increasing total concentration from the upstream sites to the dam sites. According to the improved BCR sequential extraction procedure, the acid-soluble fraction of Mn increases along the thalweg to the dam, implying the soluble Mn2+ in the upstream hypolimnion, and sediment is possible to be transported longitudinally by water currents. For Fe, Mn, Pb, Cu, and Zn, the reducible fraction accounts for more than 15% of the total metal concentration, which suggests that Fe–Mn (hydr)oxides could be important in scavenging these metals. High Mn concentrations in pore waters close to the dam, with an average value of more than 40 mg/L, give rise to significant Mn diffusive flux up to 296.1 mg/m2/day.

Keywords

Metals Chemical speciation Diffusive flux Mn accumulation Reservoir morphometry Turbidity current 
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Notes

Acknowledgements

The authors appreciate the team members from Water and Environmental Research Institute and Management Bureau of Biliu River Reservoir for their necessary assistance in collecting samples. Element testing was conducted in Dalian Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources.

Funding information

This work was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC0400903), the Natural Sciences Foundation of China (51679026, 51327004), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (DUT17JC17).

Supplementary material

11356_2019_4424_MOESM1_ESM.docx (395 kb)
ESM 1 (DOCX 395 kb)

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Copyright information

© Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019

Authors and Affiliations

  • Lin Zhu
    • 1
  • Tianxiang Wang
    • 1
  • Jianwei Liu
    • 1
    Email author
  • Shiguo Xu
    • 1
  • Xiaoqiang Chen
    • 1
  • Xin Jiang
    • 1
  1. 1.Faculty of Infrastructure EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalianChina

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