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CME

, Volume 16, Issue 1–2, pp 9–21 | Cite as

Wenn die Knochen schwinden

Diagnostik und Therapie der Osteoporose
  • Stefan PilzEmail author
  • Andreas Tomaschitz
  • Winfried März
CME Fortbildung
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Zusammenfassung

Die Osteoporose ist eine systemische Skeletterkrankung. Sie führt über eine erhöhte Frakturrate zu einer erhöhten Morbidität und Mortalität. Die Diagnose wird durch den Nachweis einer verminderten Knochendichte mit „dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry“ (DXA, deutsch: Dual-Röntgen-Absorptiometrie) gestellt. Anamnese, klinische Untersuchung und Laboruntersuchung gehören zwingend zur Basisdiagnostik. Bei der Auswahl der Therapie ist das Frakturrisiko entscheidend. Es kann mit verschiedenen Instrumenten berechnet werden, z. B. dem Risikomodell des Dachverbands Osteologie (DVO) oder dem Fracture Risk Assessment Model. Zur Basistherapie gehören u. a. eine ausreichende Zufuhr an Kalzium und Vitamin D. Zusätzlich gibt es spezifische Osteoporosemedikamente; hier werden Bisphosphonate nach wie vor am häufigsten verwendet. Alarmierend ist, dass in Deutschland 80% der Patienten mit Indikation zur Therapie unbehandelt sind, und dass die Therapieadhärenz sehr schlecht ist.

Schlüsselwörter

Fraktur Skelettsystemerkrankung Endokrinologie Knochendichte 
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Copyright information

© Springer Medizin Verlag GmbH, ein Teil von Springer Nature 2019

Authors and Affiliations

  • Stefan Pilz
    • 1
    Email author
  • Andreas Tomaschitz
    • 2
  • Winfried März
    • 3
    • 4
    • 5
  1. 1.Klinische Abteilung für Endokrinologie und DiabetologieUniversitätsklinik für Innere Medizin, Medizinische Universität GrazGrazÖsterreich
  2. 2.Klinikum Bad GleichenbergBad GleichenbergDeutschland
  3. 3.Klinisches Institut für Medizinische und Chemische LabordiagnostikMedizinische Universität GrazGrazÖsterreich
  4. 4.Synlab AkademieSynlab Holding Deutschland GmbHMannheim und AugsburgDeutschland
  5. 5.Medizinische Klinik Universitätsklinikum Mannheim, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim der Universität HeidelbergHeidelbergDeutschland

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