Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Tribological Response of PEEK to Temperature Induced by Frictional and External Heating

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Tribology Letters Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Frictional heating is common during the dry sliding of polymers against steel, which further makes it complex to understand the friction and wear performance of polymers at high temperature. Towards the goal of addressing the tribological response of polymers to such combined temperatures, the counter steel was heated crossing the glass transition (150 °C) of polyetheretherketone (PEEK), and tribological tests were conducted during temperature ramping or at constant counterbody temperatures. With increasing temperature, different friction responses were revealed depending on the variation manner of temperature (sliding during ramping or at controlled counterbody temperature). Even so, counterbody temperature around PEEK’s glass transition defined a transition, from which distinct friction and wear of PEEK was exhibited. Based on real-time analysis of temperature in the counterbody and PEEK near to the sliding interface, the completion between frictional and external heating is discussed. In combination with worn surface characterization, this also helped understand the mechanisms behind such kind of tribological response to temperatures.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Panda, J.N., Bijwe, J., Pandey, R.K.: Comparative potential assessment of solid lubricants on the performance of poly aryl ether ketone (PAEK) composites. Wear 384–385, 192–202 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2016.11.044

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Zhao, G., Wu, C., Zhang, L., Song, J., Ding, Q.: Friction and wear behavior of PI and PTFE composites for ultrasonic motors. Polym. Adv. Technol. 29(5), 1487–1496 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1002/pat.4260

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Voss, H., Friedrich, K.: On the wear behaviour of short-fibre-reinforced peek composites. Wear 116(1), 1–18 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1648(87)90262-6

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Briscoe, B.: Wear of polymers: an essay on fundamental aspects. Tribol. Int. 14(4), 231–243 (1981). https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-679X(81)90050-5

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Wu, C., Wei, C., Jin, X., Akhtar, R., Zhang, W.: Carbon spheres as lubricant additives for improving tribological performance of polyetheretherketone. J. Mater. Sci. 54(6), 5127–5135 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-018-3177-4

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Song, H., Li, N., Li, Y., Min, C., Wang, Z.: Preparation and tribological properties of graphene/poly(ether ether ketone) nanocomposites. J. Mater. Sci. 47(17), 6436–6443 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-012-6574-0

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Hanchi, J., Eiss, N.S.: Dry sliding friction and wear of short carbon-fiber-reinforced polyetheretherketone (PEEK) at elevated temperatures. Wear 203–204, 380–386 (1997). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1648(96)07347-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Lu, Z.P., Friedrich, K.: On sliding friction and wear of PEEK and its composites. Wear 181–183, 624–631 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1648(95)90178-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Hou, X., Hu, Y., Hu, X., Jiang, D.: Poly (ether ether ketone) composites reinforced by graphene oxide and silicon dioxide nanoparticles: mechanical properties and sliding wear behavior. High Perform. Polym. 30(4), 406–417 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1177/0954008317701549

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Zhang, G., Yu, H., Zhang, C., Liao, H., Coddet, C.: Temperature dependence of the tribological mechanisms of amorphous PEEK (polyetheretherketone) under dry sliding conditions. Acta Mater. 56(10), 2182–2190 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2008.01.018

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Hoskins, T.J., Dearn, K.D., Chen, Y.K., Kukureka, S.N.: The wear of PEEK in rolling–sliding contact—Simulation of polymer gear applications. Wear 309(1), 35–42 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2013.09.014

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Zuo, Z., Yang, Y., Qi, X., Su, W., Yang, X.: Analysis of the chemical composition of the PTFE transfer film produced by sliding against Q235 carbon steel. Wear 320, 87–93 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2014.08.019

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Wang, W., Wen, H., He, N., Chen, W.: Effect of load on tribological properties of silicon nitride/steel under rolling-sliding contact condition. Tribol. Int. 125, 27–38 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2018.04.022

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Laux, K.A., Jean-Fulcrand, A., Sue, H.J., Bremner, T., Wong, J.S.S.: The influence of surface properties on sliding contact temperature and friction for polyetheretherketone (PEEK). Polymer 103, 397–404 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2016.09.064

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Aldousiri, B., Shalwan, A., Chin, C.W.: A review on tribological behaviour of polymeric composites and future reinforcements. Adv. Mat. Sci. Eng. 2013, 8 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/645923

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Shen, J.T., Pei, Y.T., De Hosson, J.T.M.: Structural changes in polytetrafluoroethylene molecular chains upon sliding against steel. J. Mater. Sci. 49(4), 1484–1493 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-013-7829-0

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Onodera, T., Park, M., Souma, K., Ozawa, N., Kubo, M.: Transfer-film formation mechanism of polytetrafluoroethylene: a computational chemistry approach. J. Phys. Chem. C 117(20), 10464–10472 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1021/jp400515j

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Zalaznik, M., Kalin, M., Novak, S., Jakša, G.: Effect of the type, size and concentration of solid lubricants on the tribological properties of the polymer PEEK. Wear 364–365, 31–39 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2016.06.013

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Urueña, J.M., Pitenis, A.A., Harris, K.L., Sawyer, W.G.: Evolution and wear of fluoropolymer transfer films. Tribol. Lett. 57(1), 9 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-014-0453-6

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Abdelbary, A.: Wear of Polymers and Composites. Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Häger, A.M., Friedrich, K., Junghans, R.: Selected thermoplastic bearing materials for use at elevated temperatures. Wear 162–164, 649–655 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1648(93)90062-Q

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Chang, L., Zhang, G., Wang, H., Fu, K.: Comparative study on the wear behaviour of two high-temperature-resistant polymers. Tribol. Lett. 65(2), 34 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-017-0819-7

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Pei, X.-Q., Lin, L.-Y., Schlarb, A.K., Bennewitz, R.: Novel experiments reveal scratching and transfer film mechanisms in the sliding of the PEEK/steel tribosystem. Tribol. Lett. 63(3), 40 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-016-0732-5

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Zhang, G., Schlarb, A.K.: Correlation of the tribological behaviors with the mechanical properties of poly-ether-ether-ketones (PEEKs) with different molecular weights and their fiber filled composites. Wear 266(1), 337–344 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2008.07.004

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Yang, E.L., Hirvonen, J.P., Toivanen, R.O.: Effect of temperature on the transfer film formation in sliding contact of PTFE with stainless steel. Wear 146(2), 367–376 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1648(91)90075-6

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Briscoe, B.J., Sinha, S.K.: Wear of polymers. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. J 216(6), 401–413 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1243/135065002762355325

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge financial support of the German Research Foundation (Grant Nos. SCHL280/22-2 and BE4238/7-2) and Evonik Industries AG, Germany, for the donation of the experimental materials. We also thank Dr. T. Löber at the Nano Structuring Center (NSC), Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, for his help on the FIB investigations.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chair of Composite Engineering, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany

    Leyu Lin, Xian-Qiang Pei & Alois K. Schlarb

  2. Research Center OPTIMAS, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany

    Alois K. Schlarb

  3. Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China

    Alois K. Schlarb

  4. INM-Leibniz Institute for New Materials, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany

    Xian-Qiang Pei & Roland Bennewitz

Authors
  1. Leyu Lin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Xian-Qiang Pei
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Roland Bennewitz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Alois K. Schlarb
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Leyu Lin or Xian-Qiang Pei.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Lin, L., Pei, XQ., Bennewitz, R. et al. Tribological Response of PEEK to Temperature Induced by Frictional and External Heating. Tribol Lett 67, 52 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-019-1169-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-019-1169-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation