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Strength of Materials

, Volume 50, Issue 6, pp 909–917 | Cite as

Peculiarities of Determining the Physico-Mechanical Characteristics of Brittle Materials on Small-Sized Specimens

  • L. N. DevinEmail author
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The paper presents methods for determining the elastic modulus, sound speed, logarithmic decrement of vibrations (internal friction), tensile, compressive and bending strength, crack resistance, specific work of fracture of small-sized specimens. The specimens of polycrystals of superhard materials, which are prepared in high-pressure apparatuses, or of other expensive sintered materials (boron carbide, silicon nitride, hard alloys), which have a high hardness and elastic modulus, have typically a small size. Most of such materials experience significant dynamic loads during operation in products (metal-cutting tools, armor protection elements). It has been shown that disk specimens of brittle materials 3–15 mm in size can be used to determine strength characteristics under dynamic loading. The use of such specimens makes it possible to avoid oscillations in the loading diagram and to reduce the measurement error of breaking load. Moreover, it is possible to determine on such specimens the specific work of fracture of brittle materials from energy balance in measuring bars. Methods for determining mechanical characteristics under dynamic loading using Hopkinson–Kolsky bars are described, and examples of using procedures for the investigation of hard alloys, polycrystals of superhard materials based on diamond and cubic boron nitride, boron carbide and silicon nitride, obtained by the Bakul Institute for Superhard Materials of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, are given.

Keywords

elastic modulus sound speed logarithmic decrement of vibrations tensile and bending strength crack resistance work of fracture static and dynamic loading 
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Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Bakul Institute for Superhard MaterialsNational Academy of Sciences of UkraineKievUkraine

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