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A new LandscapeDNDC biogeochemical module to predict CH4 and N2O emissions from lowland rice and upland cropping systems

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Abstract

Background and aims

Replacing paddy rice by upland systems such as maize cultivation is an on-going trend in SE Asia caused by increasing water scarcity and higher demand for meat. How such land management changes will feedback on soil C and N cycles and soil greenhouse gas emissions is not well understood at present.

Methods

A new LandscapeDNDC biogeochemical module was developed that allows the effect of land management changes on soil C and N cycle to be simulated. The new module is applied in combination with further modules simulating microclimate and crop growth and evaluated against observations from field experiments.

Results

The model simulations agree well with observed dynamics of CH 4 emissions in paddy rice depending on changes in climatic conditions and agricultural management. Magnitude and peak emission periods of N 2 O from maize cultivation are simulated correctly, though there are still deficits in reproducing day-to-day dynamics. These shortcomings are most likely related to simulated soil hydrology and may only be resolved if LandscapeDNDC is coupled to more complex hydrological models.

Conclusions

LandscapeDNDC allows for simulation of changing land management practices in SE Asia. The possibility to couple LandscapeDNDC to more complex hydrological models is a feature needed to better understand related effects on soil-atmosphere-hydrosphere interactions.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the German Research Foundation (DFG) for its generous funding (FOR 1701, “Introducing Non-Flooded Crops in Rice-Dominated Landscapes: Impacts on Carbon, Nitrogen and Water Cycles (ICON)”, BU1173/13-1 and KI1413).

Furthermore, funding was provided via the knowledge hub of the Joint Research Programming Initiative on Agriculture, Food Security and Climate Change (FACCE-JPI) within the project “Modelling European Agriculture with Climate Change for Food Security” (MACSUR) and the ÉCLAIRE project (Effects of Climate Change on Air Pollution and Response Strategies for European Ecosystems) funded by the EU’s Seventh Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development (FP7).

KBB and RW received additional financial support via the Climate Change, Agricultural and Food Security Programme (CCAFS) of CGIAR Institutes.

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Correspondence to Klaus Butterbach-Bahl.

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Kraus, D., Weller, S., Klatt, S. et al. A new LandscapeDNDC biogeochemical module to predict CH4 and N2O emissions from lowland rice and upland cropping systems. Plant Soil 386, 125–149 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-014-2255-x

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