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Comparative study of different glycating agents on human plasma and vascular cells

  • Rashmi S. TupeEmail author
  • Nilima Bangar
  • Arundhati Diwan
  • Dhanashri Changale
  • Shivani Choudhary
  • Shubhangi Chaware
Original Article
First Online:
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Abstract

Diabetic complications are associated with the glycation and formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) which leads to structural modifications of biomolecules further affecting cells. Carbonyl compounds such as methylglyoxal and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate are highly reactive and form an elevated amount of AGEs as compared to glucose and fructose. The investigation of glycation modifications by different compounds may be important to assess the specific pattern of biomolecular and cellular modifications and compare their glycation potential. The present work aims to comprehensively and comparatively examine the effect of glycating agents (glucose, fructose, ribose, methylglyoxal, and glyceraldehyde) on plasma, erythrocytes, platelets, and blood DNA. Glycation of plasma, cells, and DNA was initiated by incubating them with glycating agents for 24–48 h at 37 °C. Negative control samples (without glycating agents) were maintained simultaneously. After treatment, plasma and DNA samples were dialyzed and cell lysate was prepared. Markers of glycation (fructosamine), structural modifications (free amino, β-amyloid, absorption spectra), antioxidant indices (catalase activity, glutathione) and erythrocyte hemolysis were estimated. In the presence of glycating agents, there was a significant increase in the formation of fructosamine, structural modification markers and depletion in antioxidant indices. Overall results suggest that among all glycating agents; methylglyoxal and glyceraldehyde have more potency of glycation induced structural modifications in plasma and vascular cells. This indicates the specific glycation modifications in plasma and vascular cells by various glycating agents may be investigated further for controlling diabetic pathological changes.

Keywords

Glycation Erythrocytes Platelets DNA Plasma 

Abbreviations

8 OHDG

8-Hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine

AAPH

(2,2-Azobis (2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride

AGEs

Advanced glycation end products

DMSO

Dimethyl sulfoxide

DTNB

5, 5′-Dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid)

EDTA

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

GSH

Glutathione

MGO

Methylglyoxal

NBT

Nitro-blue tetrazolium

PBS

Phosphate buffer saline

ROS

Reactive oxygen species

TCA

Trichloroacetic acid

RIPA

Radioimmunoprecipitation assay

WBC

White blood cells

CEdG

N2-(1, R/S-carboxyethyl)-deoxyguanosine

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Notes

Acknowledgements

We greatly acknowledge all the participants who volunteered in this study and Bharati Vidyapeeth Hospital for providing samples.

Compliance with ethical standards

Conflict of interest

The author declares that they have no conflict of interest.

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© Springer Nature B.V. 2019

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Biochemical Sciences DivisionRajiv Gandhi Institute of IT and Biotechnology, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University)PuneIndia
  2. 2.Department of MedicineBharati Vidyapeeth’s Medical College and Bharati Hospital, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University)PuneIndia

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