Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Development and Psychometric Assessment of the Measure of Globalization Influence on Health Risk (MGIHR) Among Mexican Women with Breast Cancer

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Lacking in the literature are data addressing the extent to which changes in reproductive and lifestyle factors predispose women in developing nations to higher breast cancer rates, and the degree to which these are due to globalization influences. This article describes the development and psychometric assessment of an instrument intended to measure global, predominantly U.S., influences on breast cancer risk profile among women residing in Mexico. Using investigator consensus and a focus group methodology, the Measure of Globalization Influence on Health Risk (MGIHR) was developed and completed by 341 women. Psychometric analysis support the use of an 11-item Consumerism and Modernity scale and 7-item Reproductive Control and Gender Role scale. The MGIHR is a valid and reliable instrument for understanding changing lifestyle and reproductive factors for breast cancer risk and may provide a more complete understanding of breast cancer development and needed interventions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Jemal A, Bray F, Center MM, Ferlay J, Ward E, Forman D. Global cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin. 2011;61(2):69–90.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Cancer Incidence and Mortality Worldwide: IARC Cancer Base No. 10. 2010 Institution Lyon, France Nov 28 2012.

  3. Chavarri-Guerra Y, Villarreal-Garza C, Liedke PE, Knaul F, Mohar A, Finkelstein DM, Goss PE. Breast cancer in Mexico: a growing challenge to health and the health system. Lancet Oncol. 2012;13(8):e335–43.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Parkin D, Whelan S, Ferlay J, et al. Cancer incidence in five continents, vol. 5. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Key TJ, Verkasalo PK, Banks E. Epidemiology of breast cancer. Lancet Oncol. 2001;2(3):133–40.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Vona-Davis L, Rose DP. The influence of socioeconomic disparities on breast cancer tumor biology and prognosis: a review. J Women’s Health. 2009;18(6):883–93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Porter P. “Westernizing” women’s risks? Breast cancer in lower-income countries. N Engl J Med. 2008;358(3):213–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Howitt P, Darzi A, Yang GZ, Ashrafian H, Atun R, Barlow J, Blakemore A, Bull AM, Car J, Conteh L, Cooke GS, Ford N, Gregson SA, Kerr K, King D, Kulendran M, Malkin RA, Majeed A, Matlin S, Merrifield R, Penfold HA, Reid SD, Smith PC, Stevens MM, Templeton MR, Vincent C, Wilson E. Technologies for global health. Lancet. 2012;380(9840):507–35.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. de la Fuente JR. The impact of globalization on mental health. Gac Med Mex. 2012;148(6):586–90.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Eckersley R. Is modern Western culture a health hazard? Int J Epidemiol. 2006;35(2):252–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Cui X, Dai Q, Tseng M, Shu XO, Gao YT, Zheng W. Dietary patterns and breast cancer risk in the shanghai breast cancer study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2007;16(7):1443–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Craven KL, Hawks SR. Cultural and western influences on the nutrition transition in Thailand. Promot Educ. 2006;13(1):14–20.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Chia KS, Reilly M, Tan CS, Lee J, Pawitan Y, Adami HO, Hall P, Mow B. Profound changes in breast cancer incidence may reflect changes into a Westernized lifestyle: a comparative population-based study in Singapore and Sweden. Int J Cancer. 2005;113(2):302–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Woo KS, Chook P, Raitakari OT, McQuillan B, Feng JZ, Celermajer DS. Westernization of Chinese adults and increased subclinical atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1999;19(10):2487–93.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Villarreal A, Hamilton ER. Rush to the border? Market liberalization and urban- and rural-origin internal migration in Mexico. Soc Sci Res. 2012;41(5):1275–91.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Clark SE, Hawkes C, Murphy SM, Hansen-Kuhn KA, Wallinga D. Exporting obesity: US farm and trade policy and the transformation of the Mexican consumer food environment. Int J Occup Environ Health. 2012;18(1):53–65.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Kohut A.: Global opinion of obama slips, international policies faulted pew research center global attitudes project 2012 http://www.pewglobal.org/files/2012/06/Pew-Global-Attitudes-U.S.-Image-Report-FINAL-June-13-2012.pdf.

  18. McMichael AJ, Beaglehole R. The changing global context of public health. Lancet. 2000;356(9228):495–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Martinez ME, et al. Comparative study of breast cancer in Mexican and Mexican-American women. Health. 2010;2(9):1040–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Currie C, Ahluwalia N, Godeau E, Gabhainn SN, Due P, Currie DB. Is obesity at individual and national level associated with lower age at menarche? Evidence from 34 countries in the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children Study. J Adolesc Health. 2012;50(6):621–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Curran PJ, West SG, Finch JF. The robustness of test statistics to nonnormality and specification error in confirmatory factor analysis. Psychol Methods. 1996;1(1):16–29.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. PASW Statistics 18.: 2009, IBM SPSS Inc: Chicago.

  23. Bentler PM.: EQS 6 Structural Equations Program Manual Multivariate Software, Inc. 2006.

  24. Schmitt T. Current methodological considerations in exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. J Psychoeduc Assess. 2011;29(4):304–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. The Hispanic Population.: 2010. U.S. Census Bureau. 2010 Census Brief. 2011 Institution Nov 2012. http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-04.pdf.

  26. Abundez C Resultados de Nutrición de la ENSANUT 2006 2007.

  27. Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR, McDowell MA, Tabak CJ, Flegal KM. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, 1999–2004. JAMA. 2006;295(13):1549–55.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Lee SY, Poon WY, Bentler PM. A two-stage estimation of structural equation models with continuous and polytomous variables. Br J Math Stat Psychol. 1995;48(Pt 2):339–58.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Moores UCSD Cancer Center, University of California, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, #0901, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0901, USA

    Jesse N. Nodora & Maria Elena Martinez

  2. Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA

    Scott C. Carvajal

  3. Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico

    Rebeca Robles-Garcia

  4. Focus Salud México S.C., Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico

    Francisco Páez Agraz

  5. Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico

    Adrian Daneri-Navarro

  6. Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, Ciudad Obregón, Mexico

    Maria Mercedes Meza-Montenegro

  7. Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo, Mexico

    Luis Enrique Gutierrez-Millan

Authors
  1. Jesse N. Nodora
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Scott C. Carvajal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Rebeca Robles-Garcia
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Francisco Páez Agraz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Adrian Daneri-Navarro
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Maria Mercedes Meza-Montenegro
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Luis Enrique Gutierrez-Millan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Maria Elena Martinez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jesse N. Nodora.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Nodora, J.N., Carvajal, S.C., Robles-Garcia, R. et al. Development and Psychometric Assessment of the Measure of Globalization Influence on Health Risk (MGIHR) Among Mexican Women with Breast Cancer. J Immigrant Minority Health 17, 1025–1032 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-014-0042-7

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-014-0042-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation