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Influence of additions of Zr, Ti–B, Sr, and Si as well as of mold temperature on the hot-tearing susceptibility of an experimental Al–2% Cu–1% Si alloy

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Abstract

This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of chemical composition and mold temperature (MT) on the hot-tearing susceptibility (HTS) of an experimental Al–2% Cu–1% Si alloy using a constrained rod casting mold. The HTS results were then compared with 206 (Al–5 wt% Cu) alloys containing the same additions. In general, the Al–2% Cu–1% Si based alloys exhibited higher resistance to hot-tearing than did the 206-based alloys. It was found that an elevated MT is beneficial in reducing the HTS of the Al–2% Cu–1% Si and 206 alloys in that the HTS value decreased from over 21 to less than 5, as the MT was increased from 250 to 450 °C. Increasing the Si content reduced the HTS of the Al–2% Cu–1% Si alloy considerably; this reduction may be attributed to an increase in the volume fraction of eutectic in the structure. The addition of Sr caused deterioration in the hot-tearing resistance of the base alloy due to the formation of Sr-oxides and an extension of the freezing range of the alloy. The refinement of the grain structure obtained with the Zr–Ti–B addition decreased the severity of hot-tearing as a result of an increase in the number of intergranular liquid films per unit volume and a delay in reaching the coherency point. It was also observed that α-Fe intermetallic particles may impede the propagation of hot-tearing cracks. The Al–2% Cu–1% Si alloy with 1 wt% Si addition was judged to be the best composition in view of its low HTS.

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Acknowledgements

Financial support received from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and from General Motors Powertrain Group is hereby gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia

    A. M. Nabawy & F. H. Samuel

  2. Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC, G7H 2B1, Canada

    A. M. Nabawy, A. M. Samuel & F. H. Samuel

  3. GM Powertrain Group, Metal Casting Technology, Inc, Milford, NH, 03055, USA

    H. W. Doty

Authors
  1. A. M. Nabawy
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  2. A. M. Samuel
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  3. F. H. Samuel
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  4. H. W. Doty
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Correspondence to A. M. Nabawy.

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Nabawy, A.M., Samuel, A.M., Samuel, F.H. et al. Influence of additions of Zr, Ti–B, Sr, and Si as well as of mold temperature on the hot-tearing susceptibility of an experimental Al–2% Cu–1% Si alloy. J Mater Sci 47, 4146–4158 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-012-6269-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-012-6269-6

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