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ISSLS PRIZE IN BASIC SCIENCE 2020: Beyond microstructure—circumferential specialization within the lumbar intervertebral disc annulus extends to collagen nanostructure, with counterintuitive relationships to macroscale material properties

  • Tyler W. Herod
  • Samuel P. VeresEmail author
Original Article
First Online:
  • 48 Downloads

Abstract

Purpose

To determine whether the annulus of lumbar intervertebral discs contains circumferential specialization in collagen nanostructure and assess whether this coincides with functional differences in macroscale material properties.

Methods

Anterior and posterior disc wall samples were prepared from 38 mature ovine lumbar segments. Regional differences in molecular thermal stability and intermolecular network integrity of the annulus’ tension-bearing collagen fibres were examined with hydrothermal isometric tension (HIT) analysis, with and without preceding NaBH4 treatment to stabilize labile crosslinks. Energetics of collagen denaturation were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Tensile mechanics of annular lamellae were studied using oblique sagittal bone-disc-bone samples loaded to rupture. Annular failure characteristics of the ruptured test segments were compared via microscopy of serial sections.

Results

HIT showed that tension-bearing collagen fibres of the posterior annulus were composed of collagen molecules with significantly greater thermal stability and intermolecular network integrity than those of the anterior annulus. NaBH4 treatment confirmed that labile intermolecular crosslinks did not significantly contribute to network integrity in either region. Regional differences seen in DSC were smaller than those observed in HIT, indicating structural similarities in annular collagen outside of the main fibre bundles. Mechanical testing showed that the posterior annulus was significantly weaker than the anterior annulus. For both regions, ultimate tensile strengths of annular fibres were significantly greater than those previously reported. Ruptures in both regions were predominantly due to annular failure.

Conclusion

Specializations in collagen nanostructure exist between different circumferential regions of the annulus and coincide with significant differences in material properties.

Graphic abstract

These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.

Keywords

Intervertebral disc annulus Collagen nanostructure Mechanical properties Microscopy Failure morphology Structure–function 
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Notes

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by a grant to SPV from the Nova Scotia Health Research Foundation. TWH acknowledges stipend funding support from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC). We acknowledge the support of the Canada Foundation for Innovation, the Atlantic Innovation Fund, and other partners which fund the Facilities for Materials Characterization, managed by the Clean Technologies Research Institute, Dalhousie University.

Compliance with ethical standards

Conflict of interest

All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Supplementary material

586_2019_6223_MOESM1_ESM.pptx (1.7 mb)
Supplementary file1 (PPTX 1767 kb)
586_2019_6223_MOESM2_ESM.docx (2.4 mb)
Supplementary file2 (DOCX 2441 kb)
586_2019_6223_MOESM3_ESM.xlsx (19 kb)
Supplementary file3 (XLSX 18 kb)

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© Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.School of Biomedical EngineeringDalhousie UniversityHalifaxCanada
  2. 2.Division of EngineeringSaint Mary’s UniversityHalifaxCanada

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