Abstract
Objective
The purpose of our study was to evaluate the relationship between endometrial polyps and obesity, diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension (HT).
Materials and methods
202 patients who applied to our gynecology clinic with complaints of infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss and abnormal uterine bleeding, diagnosed to have endometrial polyps by hysteroscopy, were compared with 79 patients without polyps, retrospectively. The relationships between risk factors and presence of a polyp and polyp size were analyzed.
Results
The mean age of cases with endometrial polyps was significantly greater than the controls. The mean body mass index (BMI) of the cases with polyps was also significantly greater than the controls. There was no significant difference between groups with respect to prevalence of DM or HT.
Conclusion
This study suggests that obesity is an independent risk factor in the development of endometrial polyps. Clinicians should be aware in terms of endometrial polyps in the assessment of patients with BMI ≥30. There was no relationship between HT or DM with presence of polyps.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Sherman ME, Manzur MT, Kurman RJ (2002) Benign diseases of the endometrium. In: Kurman RJ (ed) Blaunstein’s pathology of the female genital tract, 3rd edn. Springer, New York, pp 421–466
Goldstein SR, Monteagudo A, Popiolek D, Maybery P, Timor-Tristch I (2002) Evaluation of endometrial polyps. Am J Obstet Gynecol 186:669–674
Orovieto R, Bar-Hava I, Dicker D, Bar J, Ben-Rafael Z, Neri A (1999) Endometrial polyps during menopause: characterization and significance. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 78:883–886
Schlaen I, Bergeron C, Ferenczy A, Wong P, Naves A (1988) Endometrial polyps: a study of 204 cases. Surg Pathol 1:375–382
Caspi B, Appelman Z, Goldchmit R, Ashkenazi M, Haruvy Y, Hagay Z (2000) The bright edge of the endometrial polyp. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 15:327–330
Oguz S, Sargin A, Kelekci S, Ayhan H, Tapisiz OL, Mollamahmutoglu L (2005) The role of hormone replacement therapy in endometrial polyp formation. Maturitas 50:231–236
Reslova T, Tosner J, Resl M, Kugler R, Vavrova I (1999) Endometrial polyps: a clinical study of 245 cases. Arch Gynecol Obstet 262:133–139
DeWaay DJ, Syrop CH, Nygaard IE, Davis WA, Van Voorhis BJ (2002) Natural history of uterine polyps and leiomyomata. Obstet Gynecol 100:3–7
Ben-Arie A, Goldchmit C, Laviv Y et al (2004) The malignant potential of endometrial polyps. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 115:206–210
Hinckley MD, Milki AA (2004) 1000 office-based hysteroscopies prior to in vitro fertilization: feasibility and findings. JSLS 8:103–107
Shalev J, Meizner I, Bar-Hava I et al (2000) Predictive value of transvaginal sonography performed before routine diagnostic hysteroscopy for evaluation of infertility. Fertil Steril 73:412–417
Gronlund L, Hertz J, Helm P, Colov NP (1999) Transvaginal sonography and hysteroscopy in evaluation of female infertility, habitual abortion or metrorrhagia. A comparative study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 78:414
Nathani F, Justin Clark T (2006) Uterine polypectomy in management of abnormal uterine bleeding: a systemic review. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 13:260–268
National Diabetes Data Group (1979) Classification and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and other categories of glucose intolerance. Diabetes 28:1039–1057
Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (1997) The sixth report of the joint national committee on prevention, detection, Evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure (JNC VI). Arch Intern Med 157:2413–2446
Sharma M, Taylor A, Magos A (2004) Management of endometrial polyps: a clinical review. Rev Gynaecol Pract 4:1–6
Mittal K, Schwarz L, Goswami S, Demopoulos R (1996) Estrogen and progesterone receptor expression in endometrial polyps. Int J Gynecol Pathol 15:345–348
Reaven GM (1988) Banting lecture 1988: role of human resistance in human disease. Diabetes 37:1595–1607
Rutanen EM (1998) Insulin-like growth factors in endometrial function. Gynecol Endocrinol 12:399–406
Rutanen EM, Stenman S, Blum W, Karkkainen T, Lehtovirta P, Stenman UH (1993) Relationship between carbohydrate metabolism and serum insulin-like growth factor system in postmenopausal women: comparison of endometrial cancer patients with healthy controls. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 77:199–204
Nappi L, Indraccolo U, Sardo ADS et al (2009) Are diabetes, hypertension, and obesity independent risk factors for endometrial polyps? J Minim Invasive Gynecol 16:157–162
Dreisler E, Stampe Sorensen S, Lose G (2009) Endometrial polyps and associated factors in Danish women aged 36–74 years. Am J Obstet Gynecol 200:147–153
Lass A, Williams G, Abusheikha N, Brinsden P (1999) The effect of endometrial polyps on outcomes of in vitro fertilization cycles. J Assist Reprod Genet 16:410–415
Önalan R, Önalan G, Tonguç E, Özdener T, Doğan M, Mollamahmutoğlu L (2009) Body mass index is an independent risk factor for the development of endometrial polyps in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization. Fertil Steril 91:1056–1060
Conflict of interest
None.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Serhat, E., Cogendez, E., Selcuk, S. et al. Is there a relationship between endometrial polyps and obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension?. Arch Gynecol Obstet 290, 937–941 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-014-3279-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-014-3279-4