Abstract
Purpose
To investigate volume changes of the gallbladder at computed tomography (CT) following bowel preparation for colonoscopy and to evaluate the incidence of gallbladder contraction at abdominal sonography performed with colonoscopy on the same day.
Methods
During a 1-year period, 222 patients underwent abdominal CT (CT1) and colonoscopy on the same day. Among them, 123 patients had prior CT imaging without receiving colonoscopy in the past were enrolled. Manual estimates of 3D gallbladder volume were obtained from two CT scans to evaluate whether gallbladder volume changed as a result of bowel preparation for colonoscopy. During the same 1-year period, another 89 patients underwent abdominal sonography and colonoscopy on the same day (sonography group). The short-axis diameters of the gallbladder on the longitudinal scan of sonography from these patients were obtained.
Results
Gallbladder volume was significantly larger on prior CT without colonoscopy (31.7 ± 15.4 cm3) than on CT1 (20.3 ± 11.1 cm3) (p < 0.001). Gallbladder volume decreased by more than 50% in 41 of 123 patients (33%) who underwent abdominal CT and colonoscopy on the same day, compared with standard CT. In the sonography group (n = 89), the short-axis diameters of the gallbladder were less than 1.5 cm in 41 patients (46%) and less than 1.0 cm in 17 patients (19%).
Conclusion
Contracted gallbladder secondary to bowel preparation can be seen on imaging when performed with same-day colonoscopy. Such a situation may lead to the incomplete or inadequate evaluation of the gallbladder on imaging with same-day colonoscopy.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Wolf AMD, Fontham ETH, Church TR, et al (2018) Colorectal cancer screening for average-risk adults: 2018 guideline update from the American Cancer Society. CA Cancer J Clin 68:250-281
Rastogi A, Wani S (2017) Colonoscopy Gastointest Endosc 85:59-66
Millor M, Bartolomé P, Pons MJ, et al (2019) Whole-body computed tomography: a new point of view in a hospital check-up unit? Our experience in 6516 patients. Radiol Med 12:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-019-01068-y [Epub ahead of print]
Starinsky R, Alon Z (1994) Gallbladder size: is it affected by the oral intake of water or dilute contrast medium? J Ultrasound Med 13:435-438
Khan O, Naipaul R, Rampaul RS, et al (1999) Contrast material and gallbladder kinetics: implications for same day sonography after intravenous pyelography or CT scanning. J Ultrasound Med 18:763-767
Nazaroglu H, Akgül C, Bükte Y, Bilici A, Simşek M (2005) Volume changes in the gallbladder in association with various radiologic examinations. J Clin Ultrasound 33:214-217
Khan O, Naipaul R, Maharaj P (2002) Is same-day sonography of the gallbladder feasible after intravenous urography or contrast-enhanced computed tomography? J Ultrasound Med 21:977-981
Yoo JH, Kwak HJ, Lee MJ, Suh JS, Rhee CS (2003) Sonographic measurements of normal gallbladder sizes in children. J Clin Ultrasound 31:80-84
Serra C, Pallotti F, Bortolotti M, et al (2016) A New Reliable Method for Evaluating Gallbladder Dynamics: The 3-Dimensional Sonographic Examination. J Ultrasound Med 35:297-304
Housset C, Chrétien Y, Debray D, Chignard N (2016) Functions of the Gallbladder. Compr Physiol 6:1549-1577
Webb TH, Lillemoe KD, Pitt HA. Gastrosphincter of Oddi reflex (1988) Am J Surg 155:193-198
Koop I, Ruppert-Seipp G, Koop H, Schafmayer A, Arnold R (1990) Cholecystokinin release by gastric distension–an atropine-sensitive mechanism. Digestion 46:220-227
Wiles R, Thoeni RF, Barbu ST, et al (2017) Management and follow-up of gallbladder polyps: Joint guidelines between the European Society of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology (ESGAR), European Association for Endoscopic Surgery and other Interventional Techniques (EAES), International Society of Digestive Surgery - European Federation (EFISDS) and European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE). Eur Radiol 27:3856-3866
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Shin, Y., Kim, S.W., Kim, H.C. et al. Gallbladder contraction at CT and sonography secondary to bowel preparation for colonoscopy. Abdom Radiol 45, 161–167 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-019-02345-0
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-019-02345-0