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Neue Erkenntnisse zur Pathogenese der empfindlichen Haut

New insights into the pathogenesis of sensitive skin

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Zusammenfassung

Eine empfindliche Haut geben vielen Personen in den entwickelten Ländern an. Diese haben eine Veranlagung zu verschiedenen Hauterkrankungen, am häufigsten zu einer trockenen Haut, zur Atopie, zum seborrhoischen Ekzem, zur Acne vulgaris, zur Rosazea und zur perioralen Dermatitis und nennen Beschwerden durch Umweltfaktoren wie Kälte, Wind, Hitze, Sonnenexposition sowie Stress. Zudem werden verschiedene Hautpflegemittel und Kosmetika nicht vertragen. In der Pathophysiologie sind eine gestörte Barriere und eine reduzierte Stratum-corneum-Hydratation von großer Bedeutung. Aufgrund der gestörten Barriere können Umweltfaktoren und Hautpflegemittel die Haut leicht reizen. Von Bedeutung sind weiterhin neurogene Faktoren wie Stress und allgemeine Übererregbarkeit. In der Signalübertragung spielen Zytokine und Neurotransmitter eine Rolle, wenngleich die Zusammenhänge nur teilweise bekannt sind.

Abstract

Many persons in the developed countries report sensitive skin. Persons with sensitive skin have a predisposition to several skin diseases, most importantly dry skin, but also atopy, seborrheic dermatitis, acne vulgaris, rosacea, and perioral dermatitis. Their complaints may be triggered by environmental factors such as low temperature, wind, high temperature, sun exposure and stress. Various skin care products and cosmetics are not tolerated. A disturbed skin barrier function and reduced stratum corneum water content are most important in the pathophysiology of sensitive skin. Environmental factors and cosmetics may induce irritation of the skin because of the disturbed skin barrier. Of further importance for the pathogenesis are neurogenic factors including stress and hyper-excitability. Mechanisms in signal transduction involve cytokines and neurotransmitters, but the exact pathways are unknown.

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  1. Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Univ.-Hautklinik, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Schittenhelmstr. 7, 24105, Kiel, Deutschland

    E. Proksch & S. Weidinger

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  1. E. Proksch
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  2. S. Weidinger
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Correspondence to E. Proksch.

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Proksch, E., Weidinger, S. Neue Erkenntnisse zur Pathogenese der empfindlichen Haut. Hautarzt 62, 900–905 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00105-011-2209-7

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