Abstract
Ab initio calculations (RHF) of EtX molecules (X=F, Cl, Br, I, or OTs) were carried out with the use of different basis sets. Total charges on the atoms in the compounds under study were determined by Mulliken's, NPA, and Bader's methods, and a comparison of these values was performed. For all EtX compounds, a topological analysis of the electron density was carried out within the framework of Bader's theory, and the global and relative local hardnesses of the above-mentioned ethylating agents were estimated.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
C. K. Ingold,Structure and Mechanism in Organic Chemistry, 2nd Ed., Cornell University Press, Ithaca, 1969.
J. March,Advanced Organic Chemistry. Reactions Mechanisms and Structure, 3d Ed., Wiley, New York, 1985.
O. A. Reutov, I. P. Beletskaya, and A. L. Kurz,Ambident Anions, Consultants Bureau, New York, 1983, 338 pp.
P. I. Dem'yanov, I. M. Shtyrkov, V. S. Petrosyan, and O. A. Reutov,Vestn. Mosk. Univ., Ser. 2: Khimiya, 1988,29, 384 [Moscow Univ. Bull., 1988,29 (Engl. Transl.)].
P. I. Dem'yanov, I. M. Shtyrkov, G. V. Fyodorova, and V. S. Petrosyan,Pure Appl. Chem., 1990,62, 681.
R. G. Pearson,J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1963,85, 3533.
P. G. Pearson,J. Chem. Ed., 1968,45, 581, 643.
R. G. Parr and R. G. Pearson,J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1983,105, 7512.
Chemical Hardness, ed. K. D. Sen, Springer, Berlin, 1993 (Structure and Bonding, 1993,80).
W. J. Hehre, L. Radom, P. v. R. Schleyer, and J. A. Pople,Ab Initio Molecular Orbital Theory, Wiley, New York, 1986.
M. W. Schmidt, K. K. Baldridge, J. A. Boatz, S. T. Elbert, M. S. Gordon, J. H. Jensen, S. Koseki, N. Matsunaga, K. A. Nguyen, S. J. Su, T. L. Windus, M. Dupui, and J. A. Montgomery,J. Comput. Chem., 1993,14, 1347
V. G. Tsirel'son,Itogi nauki i tekhniki. Kristallokhimiya, [Results of Science and Engineering. Crystal Chemistry], VINITI, Moscow, 1993,27, 3 (in Russian).
R. S. Wagner and B. P. Dailey,J. Chem. Phys., 1955,23, 1355.
R. S. Wagner and B. P. Dailey,J. Chem. Phys., 1957,26, 1588.
J. Kraitcham and B. P. Dailey,J. Chem. Phys., 1955,23, 184.
K. B. Wiberg and K. E. Laidig,J. Org. Chem., 1992,57, 5092.
F. W. Biegler-König, R. F. W. Bader, and T. -H. Tang,J. Comput. Chem., 1982,3, 317.
B. Beagley, M. O. Jones, and P. Yavari,J. Mol. Struct., 1981,71, 203.
P. Nösberger, A. Bauder, and H. H. GünthardJ. Chem. Phys., 1973,1, 418.
T. H. Dunning, Jr. and P. J. Hay,Modern Theoretical Chemistry, Ed. H. F. Schaefer, III, Plenum Press, New York, 1976.
R. S. Wagner, B. P. Dailey, and N. Solimene,J. Chem. Phys., 1957,26, 1593.
C. Flanagan and L. Pierce,J. Chem. Phys., 1963,38, 2963.
F. H. Allen, O. Kennard, D. G. Watson, L. Brammer, A. G. Orpen, and R. Taylor,J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans., 2, 1987, S1.
R. F. W. Bader,Atoms in Molecules A Quantum Theory, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1994.
L. Nygaard,Spectrochim. Acta., 1966,22, 1261.
R. H. Schwendeman and G. D. Jacobs,J. Chem. Phys., 1962,36, 1245.
M. Hirota, T. Iijima, and M. Kimura,Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 1978,51, 1594.
W. Zeil and D. Christen,J. Phys. Chem., 1980,84, 1790.
A. Streitwieser, G. S-C. Chou, and F. Abu-Hasanayan,J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1997,119, 5013.
R. S. Mulliken,J. Chem. Phys., 1955,23, 1833.
A. E. Reed, L. A. Curtiss, and F. Weihold,Chem. Rev., 1988,88, 899.
T. S. Slee,J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1986,108, 7541.
Electronegativity, Eds. K. D. Sen and C. K. Jørgensen, Springer, Berlin, 1987 (Structure and Bonding, 1987,66).
K. B. Wiberg and P. R. Rablen,J. Comput. Chem., 1993,14, 1504.
D. Cremer and E. Kraka,Angew. Chem., 1984,96, 612.
J. P. Ritchie and S. M. Bachrach,J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1987,109, 5909.
S. F. Vyboishchikov, A. Sierraalta, and G. Frenking,J. Comput. Chem., 1997,18, 416.
R. F. W. Bader, M. T. Carroll, J. R. Cheeseman, and C. Chang,J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1987,109, 7968.
C. W. Kammeyer and D. R. Whitman,J. Chem. Phys., 1972,56, 4419.
P. Politzer, J. S. Murray, and M. E. Grice,Chemical Hardness, Ed. K. D. Sen, Springer, Berlin, 1993 (Structure and Bonding, 1993,80, 101).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 4, pp. 608–612, April, 1998.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dem'yanov, P.I., Myshakin, E.M. & Petrosyan, V.S. Structures and hardness of ethyl halides and ethyl tosylate. Russ Chem Bull 47, 587–591 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02495958
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02495958