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In vitro effects of putative neurotransmitters on synaptic ribbon numbers and N-acetyltransferase activity in the rat pineal gland

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Summary

The pineal contains a large number of classical transmitters and neuropeptides. Some of these neurochemicals are involved in the regulation of serotonin N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity and hence in melatonin synthesis. Synaptic ribbons present in the pineal gland also exhibit a numerical day/night rhythm parallel to that of NAT activity. There is scarcity of information regarding the regulation of synaptic ribbon (SR) numbers. In the present study, we have investigated in vitro effects of a number of classical neurotransmitters and neuropeptides. NAT activity was used to monitor melatonin synthesis under the experimental conditions used. Norepinephrine (NE), Delta sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP), vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), adenosine and N-acetylasp-glu (NAAG) significantly increased NAT activity in rat pineal. DSIP and VIP also increase the stimulatory effect of NE on NAT activity. These neurochemicals had no effect on SR numbers. Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), serotonin and taurine affected neither NAT activity nor SR. Somatostatin increased SR numbers significantly, without having any effect on NAT activity. The effect of somatostatin is regarded to be pharmacologic, since rather high dosages (10−4 M) were required to obtain a significant effect. Although somatostatin is present in the pineal and may change rhythmically, the inconsistency of the day/night rhythmicity and the lack of such a rhythm in female rats and male gerbils speaks against an important physiological role of somatostatin in regulating SR numbers.

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Author notes

  1. R. Spessert

    Present address: Department of Anatomy, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Federal Republic of Germany

  2. B. B. P. Gupta

    Present address: Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, 793 014, Shillong, India

  3. A. Seidel

    Present address: Department of Pathology, University of Kiel, Michaelisstrasse 11, D-W-2300, Kiel, Federal Republic of Germany

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Federal Republic of Germany

    B. B. P. Gupta, A. Seidel, W. Büttner, N. Klauke, J. Spanier, A. Weber, D. Ziemer & L. Vollrath

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  1. B. B. P. Gupta
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Gupta, B.B.P., Seidel, A., Spessert, R. et al. In vitro effects of putative neurotransmitters on synaptic ribbon numbers and N-acetyltransferase activity in the rat pineal gland. J. Neural Transmission 89, 167–178 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01250669

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01250669

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