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Pudendal neuropathy in diabetic patients with faecal incontinence

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Abstract

To investigate the pathophysiology of faecal incontinence in diabetes mellitus, two groups of diabetic patients were studied: 14 subjects (7 females and 7 males, mean age 57±9 years) with faecal incontinence (Group A) and 15 subjects (6 females and 9 males, mean age 54.7±8 years) without faecal incontinence but affected by somatic peripheral neuropathy. A third group (C) of 10 healthy volunteers was used as controls. All subjects underwent electroneurographic evaluation of peripheral neuropathy, pudendal nerve terminal motor latency, anorectal manometry and rectal sensitivity tests. All the patients of group A had somatic peripheral neuropathy. Maximum squeeze pressure was lower in A compared to C (P<0.025) and sustained for a shorter period in A compared with B (P<0.0005) and C (P<0.0005). All rectal sensitivity thresholds were higher in A compared with B and C. Pudendal Nerve Terminal Motor Latency was prolonged in 93% of patients studied in group A and in 73% of patients in group B (A vs BP<0.005), with a significant difference in comparison with C: A vs CP<0.0005, B vs CP<0.005. Our findings suggest that somatic neuropathy plays an important role in faecal incontinence in diabetic patients, combined with sesation threshold impairment as a feature of an autonomic involvement.

Résumé

Afin d'étudier la pathophysiologie de l'incontinence fécale en cas de diabète, deux groupes de patients diabétiques ont été analysés: 14 sujets incontinents (7 femmes et 7 hommes dont l'âge moyen est de 57±9 ans) (groupe A) et 15 sujets sans incontinence mais porteurs d'une neuropathie périphérique (6 femmes et 9 hommes dont l'âge moyen est de 54,7±8 ans). Un troisième groupe (groupe C) constitué de 10 volontaires sains a servi de groupe contrôle. Tous les sujets ont subi des investigations électroneurographiques de leur neuropathie périphérique, une mesure du temps de latence du nerf honteux interne, une manométrie anorectale et des tests de sensibilité rectale. Tous les patients du groupe A présentent une neuropathie somatique périphérique. La pression maximale de rétention est plus basse dans le groupe A que dans le groupe C (P<0,025) et peut être maintenue moins longtemps dans le groupe A que dans le groupe B (P<0,0005) ou que dans le groupe C (P<0,0005). Les seuils de sensibilité rectale sont plus élevés dans le groupe A que dans les groupes B et C. Le temps de latence du nerf honteux interne est allongé chez 92,9% des patients étudiés dans le groupe A et 73,3% des patients du groupe B (A vs B,P<0,005); la différence est encore plus significative en comparaison avec le groupe C (A vs CP<0,0005, B vs CP<0,005). Nos constations suggèrent que la neuropathie somatique joue un rôle important dans la genèse de l'incontinence chez les patients diabétiques, en combinaison avec des altérations du seuil de sensibilité rectale en tant que symptôme d'une atteinte autonome.

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Pintor, M.P., Zara, G.P., Falletto, E. et al. Pudendal neuropathy in diabetic patients with faecal incontinence. Int J Colorect Dis 9, 105–109 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00699423

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